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Product Ingredients

Below you will find an alphabetical list of all of our ingredients we use for our various products. Click on any of the ingredients below to see a thorough description of that particular ingredient as well as the products that that particular ingredient is featured in.

 

 

5-LOXIN ® (found in Triple Jointed)
5-LOXIN is a new, patent-pending boswellia extract that provides 30% acetyl-11-keto-beta boswellic acid (the most bio-active compound found in boswellia) at levels ten times more concentrated than ordinary extracts. It allows for much lower dosages of boswellia (100 mg) while achieving much greater results. As an added bonus, 5-LOXIN has been shown to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP's), a class of enzymes that breaks down cartilage, collagen, and connective tissues -- and is a major contributor to certain forms of heart disease.

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Acetyl-L-Carnitine (found in Ever Young)
Although your body can synthesize L-carnitine in the liver, it depends on outside sources (meat being a primary source) to fulfill its requirements. This can present a problem for vegetarians since L-carnitine performs several key functions in the human body. For one, it can improve the functioning of the immune system by enhancing the ability of macrophages to function as phagocytes. It can also improve the functioning of muscle tissue. In fact, it has been shown to increase running speed when given prior to exercise. It also plays a major factor in cellular energy production by shuttling fatty acids from the main cell body into the mitochondria (the cell's energy factories) so that the fats can be oxidized for energy. Without carnitine, fatty acids cannot easily enter the mitochondria.

There is, however, a specialized form of L-carnitine known as acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) that is often deficient even in meat eaters and that performs virtually all of the same functions - but better. For example, in terms of cellular energy production, in addition to shuttling fatty acids into cell mitochondria, ALC provides acetyl groups from which Acetyl-Coenzyme A (a key metabolic intermediate) can be regenerated, thereby facilitating the transport of metabolic energy and boosting mitochondrial activity. But beyond that, the addition of the acetyl group makes ALC water soluble, which enables it not only to diffuse easily across the inner wall of the mitochondria but also to cross all cell membranes more easily. In other words, ALC reaches parts of the body where L-carnitine cannot go. In particular, ALC readily crosses the blood/brain barrier, where it provides a number of specialized neurological functions. For example, it can:

• Facilitate both the release and synthesis of acetylcholine, a key brain biochemical.
• Increase the brain's levels of choline acetylase.
• Enhance the release of dopamine and improve the binding of dopamine to dopamine receptors.
• Protect the neurons of the optic nerve and the occipital cortex of the brain.

In addition, studies have shown that acetyl-L-carnitine can inhibit the deterioration in mental function associated with Alzheimer's disease and slow its progression. Part of this is a result of its ability to shield neurons from the toxicity of beta amyloid protein. As a result:

• ALC improves alertness in Alzheimer's patients.
• Improves attention span.
• And it increases short term memory.

Through its action on dopamine (a chemical messenger used between nerve cells) and dopamine receptors, ALC seems to play a major role in preventing and/or minimizing the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

• ALC enhances the release of dopamine from dopaminergic neurons and improves the binding of dopamine to dopamine receptors.
• ALC retards the decline in the number of dopamine receptors that occurs as part of the normal aging process and (more rapidly) with the onset of Parkinson's disease. In fact, many researchers believe that Parkinson's may be caused by a deficiency of dopamine.
• And ALC inhibits tremors.

And acetyl-L-carnitine may even play a role in helping with MS.

• ALC inhibits (and possibly reverses) the degeneration of myelin sheaths.

But most of all, acetyl-L-carnitine just helps slow down the aging process of the brain.

• ALC retards the inevitable decline in the number of glucocorticoid receptors that occurs with aging.
• It retards the age-related deterioration of the hippocampus.
• It retards the inevitable decline in the number of nerve growth factor receptors that occurs as we age.
• It stimulates and maintains the growth of new neurons within the brain (both independently of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and as a result of preserving NGF) and helps to prevent the death of existing neurons.
• ALC protects the NMDA receptors in the brain from age-related decline.
• ALC inhibits the excessive release of adrenalin in response to stress and inhibits the depletion of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and testosterone that occurs as a result of excessive stress.
• And ALC enhances the function of cytochrome oxidase, an essential enzyme of the Electron Transport System.

The mind boosting effect of acetyl-L-carnitine is often noticed within a few hours -- or even within an hour -- of supplementing. Most people report feeling mentally sharper, having more focus, and being more alert. Some find a mild mood enhancement. More specifically:

• ALC improves learning ability along with both short term and long term memory.
• It improves mood by 53%.
• It both improves the quality of and reduces the need for sleep.
• It improves verbal fluency.
• And ALC improves hand eye coordination by some 300-400%.

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Acid Stable Protease (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Digests protein. Taking protease enzymes with meals spares the natural pool of protease enzymes circulating in the blood so that they can continue to breakdown and destroy unwanted fungi, bacteria and viruses in the bloodstream.

Acid stable protease remains active even in the presence of stomach acids.

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Acidophilus (found in Probiotics)
L. acidophilus resides primarily in the small intestine and produces a number of powerful antimicrobial compounds in the gut (including acidolin, acidolphilin, lactocidin, and bacteriocin). These compounds can inhibit the growth and toxin producing capabilities of some 23 known disease-causing pathogens (including campylobacter, listeria, and staphylococci), as well as reduce tumor growth and effectively neutralize or inhibit carcinogenic substances. It's also important to note that L. acidophilus is the primary beneficial bacteria in the vaginal tract. When the presence of the acidophilus is compromised, this allows the bad guys such as Gardnerella vaginalis or E. coli or Chlamydia to take over.

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Aktivated Barley (found in Accelerator, Private Reserve Superfood)
Before we actually get into the details of Aktivated Barley, we need to look briefly at barley in general.

Research conducted in Canada, the United States, and Australia has shown that barley can play a significant role in lowering blood cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Other studies have shown that non-insulin dependent diabetics (Type II) had improved blood glucose levels as a result of including barley in their diet. It should be noted that barley rates an astoundingly low 27 on the glycemic index. That's 22 percent less than skim milk! And yet which one is banned from the low carb no grain diets?

In addition, barley has high concentrations of tocotrienols, antioxidant compounds that work to suppress the activity of the first rate-limiting enzyme (HMG-CoA Reductase) in the liver, thus reducing cholesterol synthesis. And barley is one of the highest known sources of beta-glucans, carbohydrates (there's that word again) that have remarkable immune boosting properties and have been shown to improve blood glucose and lipid levels among diabetics in clinical trials.

Historically, barley has been used for thousands of years. The Roman army marched on it. It was the primary staple of their diet. They picked up that trick from the greek gladiators who trained on it and were known as "barley eaters." (So much for meat being the food of choice for macho men.)

In ancient Rome, a food made from sprouted barley, honey, and colostrum was used to sustain infants whose mothers died in childbirth. In more recent years, the same formula has been used by the UN to prevent starvation in 3rd world countries.

The problem with barley is that it's extremely gelatinous. All attempts to dry it and package it for commercial distribution failed until a company in Sweden figured out a way to use low-temperature steam (produced in a partial vacuum) to take the barley just up to the point of sprouting -- before it turns gelatinous, but after the point where all the proteins and carbohydrates have been converted, and at a temperature low enough so that no enzymes are damaged.

This turns out to be a remarkably interesting point for food. It's like the food is placed in a state of suspended animation at the point where all of the energy of the grain has been marshaled to sprout the pearl -- and not yet expended in the act of sprouting.

The result is a brand new superfood with unbelievable properties. Think of it like a bullet in a gun.

• The bullet in the chamber is like the barley pearl. All the energy is dormant -- unavailable.
• The bullet after it has fired and left the gun is like the barley sprout. All of the energy has been expended in the act of making the bullet shoot out of the gun -- or in this case, the barley sprout. The energy is no longer available.
• But pre-sprouted barley is different. It's like being able to freeze time at the moment the gunpowder has fired and before the bullet has left the gun. A huge amount of energy is now locked in the chamber, available in an easily used form, just waiting to be directed in any way you want. What if you could take that energy and use it for other things rather than making the bullet fly? What if you could use the energy locked in the pre-sprout phase to nourish the body rather than make the barley sprout? That would be a true superfood.

And in fact, this superfood produces some astounding numbers on the Bovis Scale.

If you are not familiar with the Bovis Scale, it was developed by a French physicist and quantifies or measures how positively or negatively charged a substance is. For living organisms, the key reference point on the scale is found at 6,500 Bovis Energy Units. From 0 to 6,500, the charge is in the negative range, or life-detracting, while above the 6,500 point the energy gradually becomes more positive, or life-enhancing.

The desired minimal energy level for humans is found between 8,000 to 10,000 Bovis Energy Units, or slightly positive. The Earth itself creates energy in the 7,000 to 18,000 range. This energy is also referred to as "Biophotons", which are light particles invisible to our eyes. This positive radiation is necessary to the maintenance of life on Earth.

A simple way of describing Bovis Energy Units would be to call them "Bio-Photon-Activating" Energy Units.

Bottom line: This new pre-sprouted ultra-long-chain carbohydrate found in pre-sprouted barley registers between 100,000 to 320,000 on the Bovis Scale. That is unheard of for food. The only thing I've ever seen higher than that is specially treated water.

Note: While the concept of the Bovis scale is based on sound theory, and the results on the body of the ingestion of high Bovis foods and water is clearly observable, accurate methods for measuring substances on the Bovis scale are in short supply. At this point in time, it is probably best to consider Bovis ratings as general indicators, rather than as accurately verifiable numbers.

The Properties of Aktivated Barley

• Like regular barley, it ranks incredibly low on the glycemic index.
• It has all of the nutritional value of barley -- high levels of tocotrienols and beta glucans.
• It contains 1,000s of active enzymes.
• It is an ultra-long-chain carbohydrate that takes up to 4 hours to break down in the digestive tract -- thus providing a slow, sustained release of energy and insulin.
• Because the release is so slow, it actually lowers the body's insulin response.
• It provides over 400% more energy per calorie than any other food calorie known. (Despite what the USDA may tell you, not all calories are created equal.)
• It produces readings of up to 320,000 on the Bovis scale.

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Alfalfa Leaf (found in Accelerator)
Revered as the "father of all foods", alfalfa has been eaten for centuries by people seeking a rich source of essential minerals and vitamins. Alfalfa Leaf helps the body assimilate protein, calcium and other nutrients. It is a rich source of chlorophyll, and is the richest land source of trace minerals. Alfalfa also offers a rich supply of Beta Carotene, Vitamins K and D. It is high in Calcium and contains Phosphorus, Iron, Potassium and eight essential enzymes. It is also high in fructo-oligosaccharides, which fertilize healthy bacteria in the gut and neutralize bad bacteria overgrowth such as Candida.

In addition, alfalfa is a rich source of protein, vitamin A, D, E, B-6, and K and may be beneficial for cholesterol levels, reducing tissue damage from radiotherapy, jaundice, fistulas in the bile duct, cleansing the body, fighting infection, natural deodorizing, water retention, urinary and bowel problems and cancer.

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Aloe Ferrox (Cape Aloe - Non Organic) (found in Colon Corrective)
Native to Africa, cape aloe is renowned for its remarkable benefits as an effective natural laxative and colon cleanser. In this capacity, it is probably the strongest of the colon stimulating herbs. Also, laboratory experiments have shown cape aloe stimulates the growth not only of lymphocytes, which are an important part of the immunological defense mechanisms, but also of fibroblastic cells in skin and connective tissues and can help soothe and heal tissue in the intestinal tract.

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Aloe Vera (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Aloe vera is an amazing mixture of more than 200 constituents, including polysaccharides, enzymes, glycoproteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. The active polysaccharide fractions in aloe are called galacto-mannans or beta-glucomannans (also known as acemannans). These polysaccharides have been shown in laboratory studies to act as a bridge between foreign proteins (such as virus particles) and macrophage cells in the human body, facilitating the destruction of the invading protein by the macrophage. Among their documented benefits are:

• Make cells more resistant to viruses and pathogenic bacteria, by incorporating themselves into cell walls
• Improve overall cellular metabolism and functioning
• Reduce inflammation
• Provide critical lubrication of joints; helping to prevent arthritis and to heal it once it has developed
• Aid in the absorption of water, minerals and nutrients in the GI tract
• Reduce pain
• Improve vascular flow
• Reduce scarring
• Improve macrophage activity as much as tenfold
• Enhance macrophage effectiveness in modulating the entire immune system
• Enhance macrophage effectiveness in stimulating, producing, and releasing antibodies
• Increase the body's own production of interferon, interleukins
• Increase the number of antibody forming T-cells in the spleen
• Increase the number and activity of killer T-cell and increase monocyte activity
• Fight fungal infections, such as: Athlete's foot, Ringworm, Pruritus anivalvae, Balnea, Essential Pruritus, and Vaginal yeast infections
• Help heal athletic injuries such as: Muscle cramps, Sprains, Strains, Bruises, Swelling, Soreness, Tendonitis, and Bursitis.
• Soothe and promote the healing of intestinal disorders such as: Indigestion, Heartburn, Hyper-acidity, Peptic and Duodenal Ulcers, Colitis, and Hemorrhoids
• Promote the healing of kidney disorders
• Help with diabetes
• Kill parasites such as: Pinworms and Threadworms
• Speed wound healing by as much as 35%
• Reduce allergic reactions
• Stimulate bone marrow activity
• Stimulate fibroblasts to release collagen and elastin to make new tissue

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Alpha Lipoic Acid (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Sometimes called the "Mother" antioxidant, alpha lipoic acid (ALA) plays a major role in helping recycle vitamins E and C so that they can be used over and over again by your body. In its own right, ALA is one of the main boosters of glutathione levels in body cells, and is one of the key co-factors involved in generating energy in the cells mitochondria.

And finally, ALA has also been shown to significantly rejuvenate the cognitive skills of people as they age.

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Alpha Galactosidase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Helps minimize gas, bloating, and flatulence caused by certain foods. Alpha galactosidase hydrolyzes the a 1-6 non-reducing galactocide residues from poly and oligosaccharides in an exo-fashion. These poly-saccharides (primarily raffinose, stacchiose, and melibiosc) are typically found in legumes and are not digestible in the small intestine. As these sugars are not absorbed, they pass into the large intestine. In the large intestine, these sugars are fermented by native microbial flora and produce gas resulting in bloating, pain and general discomfort. The use of supplemental alpha galactosidase minimizes this problem.

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Amylase (found in pHi-Zymes, Digestive Enzymes)
Amylase helps your body break down and assimilate starches and carbohydrates. Supplemental amylase can also help reduce stress.

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Apple Pectin (found in Colon Detoxifier)
Apple Pectin may be used to remove unwanted metals and toxins, lower cholesterol and helps reduce the side effects of radiation therapy. In fact, it was used after Chernobyl to pull radioactive waste from victims. Apple pectin also helps to break down the buildup of mucus and binds to various toxic metals - mercury, lead etc. And Apple pectin is also another good source of fiber. It has the ability to form a gel which can bind water and toxins together, thus also bulking the stool and carrying the toxins out of the body.

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Arnica Oil (found in Essential Relief)
Arnica oil has been used for centuries for bruises and sprains.

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Artichoke Leaf (found in Liver Tincture)
Artichoke leaf has traditionally been used in jaundice and liver insufficiency as well as for cholesterol reduction. It is thought that artichoke inhibits oxidation of low density lipoprotein and reduces cholesterol biosynthesis. It is a member of the thistle family and contains compounds that enhance both the production of bile and the liver's detoxification process. Many toxins are eliminated through the bile. Bile salts help to emulsify fats which aids the pancreas with digestion. Bile plays a critical role in the body by helping to protect the liver from congestion and inflammatory responses. Bile is also necessary to create the right kind of environment in the small intestines. Artichoke extract can regulate the production of cholesterol in the liver and help convert cholesterol to bile acids. It also helps normalize the pH of the blood.

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Astaxanthin (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
The astaxanthin molecule is similar to beta-carotene, but all evidence indicates that it is a far more powerful biological antioxidant. Astaxanthin exhibits strong free radical scavenging activity and protects against lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage of LDL-cholesterol, cell membranes, and body tissues. It is extremely powerful at even very low levels. A normal supplemental dose is just 4 mg a day. And finally, astaxanthin has been the focus of a large and growing number of peer-reviewed scientific publications. Some of the findings include:

• Astaxanthin increases strength and endurance (2 - 8 times greater increase over baseline verses placebo in human clinical study).
• Astaxanthin alleviates symptoms in patients with H. pylori (pre-ulcer indigestion).
• Astaxanthin protects cells and mitochondrial membranes from oxidative damage, thus protecting the cell from oxidative damage.
• Astaxanthin boosts the immune system by increasing the number of antibody-producing cells.
• Astaxanthin prevents the initiation of cancer cells in the tongue, oral cavity, large bowel, bladder, uterus, and breast.
• Astaxanthin inhibits lipid peroxidation that causes plaque formation, thus reducing risk of cardiovascular disease.
• Astaxanthin alleviates stress and may assist in neurodegenerative conditions such as AMD, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS.
• Astaxanthin protects the eyes and skin from UV A and B damage by quenching singlet and triplet oxygen.
• Astaxanthin reduces the number of new and abnormal cells in the liver.

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Atragalus (found in Immunify)
Astragalus root is an immunostimulant used in the treatment of chronic viral infections, hepatitis, edema, common cold, and flu. In vitro, Astragalus increases the interferon response to viral infection and works synergistically with administered interferon. And astragalus increases phagocytic activity and antibody levels and improves the functioning of natural killer cells.

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Avocado Soy Unsaponifiables (ASUs) (found in Triple Jointed)
Several years ago, researchers from the University Hospital in Liege, Belgium reported in the August 2003 issue of The Journal of Rheumatology that an extract made from the oils found tightly bound to avocado and soybean fibers could significantly boost production of aggrecan, thereby helping slow down and even repair some of the damage caused by osteoarthritis -- in as little as nine days.

It should be noted that although eating avocado and soybean oil separately does indeed enhance aggrecan production (somewhat); it is only this special ASU extract (made up of one-third avocado and two-thirds soybean unsaponifiables) that restores aggrecan synthesis blocked by the inflammation-causing compound interleukin-1-beta. In addition, ASUs also reduced levels of several other inflammatory factors such as MMP-3 production. In other words, ASU is not the same as avocado and soy oil. It is specially extracted from the fiber of avocados and soy. The problem is that before extraction, the ASUs are so tightly bound to the fiber, that they are mostly unusable by the human body.

Aggrecan plays a crucial role in the functioning of articular cartilage (the cartilage found in joints), primarily working to maintain high levels of hydration in the cartilage - thereby keeping the cartilage healthy and functional.

Note: all ASU comes in a 30% concentration by weight. 50% of the blend is soy protein isolate -- which may present a problem for those allergic to soy protein. However, that works out to only 165 mg of soy protein in an average daily dose of Triple Jointed.

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Bamboo Fiber (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Bamboo fiber represents a "new" type of dietary fiber derived from the fiber-rich parts of bamboo plants. It consists of more than 90% water insoluble fiber that cannot be broken down by the human body, so it bulks in the stomach, removes undesired metabolic by-products and shortens intestinal transit time. It also provides a wonderful, almost milk-like, consistency to the formula.

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Banaba Leaf (found in Accelerator, Glucotor v.2)
The blood sugar regulating properties of banaba leaf have been demonstrated in cell culture, animal and human studies. In isolated cells, the active ingredient in banaba leaf, corosolic acid, is known to stimulate glucose uptake. In diabetic mice, rats and rabbits, banaba feeding reduces elevated blood sugar and insulin levels to normal. In humans with type II diabetes, banaba extract, at a dose of 16-48mg per day for 4-8 weeks, has been shown to be effective in reducing blood sugar levels (5%-30% reduction) and maintaining tighter control of blood sugar fluctuations. An interesting "side-effect" of tighter control of blood sugar and insulin levels is a significant tendency of banaba to promote weight loss (an average of 2-4 lbs. per month) - without significant dietary alterations. It is likely that modulation of glucose and insulin levels reduces total caloric intake somewhat and encourages moderate weight loss.

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Barberry Rootbark (found in Colon Corrective)
Barberry rootbark contains berberine, a bitter alkaloid, that aids in the secretion of bile and is good for liver problems, acts as a mild purgative, and helps regulate the digestive processes. The antibacterial properties of the alkaloid berbamine have shown activity against Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Shigella and Eschorichia Coli. It has anti-microbial properties that are especially beneficial for the skin and intestinal tract. And finally, barberry has a beneficial effect on blood pressure by causing a dilatation of the blood vessels.

Barberry decreases heart rate, depresses the breathing, stimulates intestinal movement, and reduces bronchial constriction.

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Bifidus (found in Probiotics)
Many researchers believe that declining levels of bifidus, or bifidobacteria, in the large intestine actually mark the eventual onset of chronic degenerative disease. Bifidobacteria benefit the body in a number of ways. They (1) consume old fecal matter; (2) have the ability to remove cancer-forming elements, or the enzymes which lead to their formation; (3) protect against the formation of liver, colon, and mammary gland tumors. And in addition to all of that, (4) bifidobacteria are substantial producers of a range of important B vitamins.

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Bilberry (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
The anthocyanosides found in bilberry are known for their ability to help nourish and repair the tiny capillaries within the eye. In addition, the bilberry bioflavonoids are beneficial to the connective tissue that lines blood vessels and binds ligaments throughout the body. Traditionally, bilberry's leaves and berries have been used to treat scurvy, urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and diarrhea. British pilots during World War II would eat bilberry jam before night raids in order to improve their vision.

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Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia) (found in Glucotor v.2)
At least three different groups of constituents in bitter melon have been reported to have blood-sugar lowering actions of potential benefit in diabetes mellitus. These include a mixture of steroidal saponins known as charantin, insulin-like peptides, and alkaloids. It is still unclear which of these is most effective, or if all three work together. Already, some clinical trials have confirmed the benefit of bitter melon for people with diabetes. (Raman A, Lau C. Anti-diabetic properties and phytochemistry of Momordica charantia L (Curcurbitaceae). Phytomed 1996;2:349-62.)

Early studies suggest that one of the components of bitter melon extract may be effective in slowing the growth or spread of some types of cancer, particularly breast cancer. Cervical cancer patients (stage II or III) have shown some evidence of immune system response to bitter melon while undergoing radiotherapy.

Some studies suggest that a component of bitter melon seeds may provide benefits for HIV by preventing the virus from infecting human cells. However, these studies have been conducted only in laboratory settings, and no research has been done in humans.

Note: There is some evidence that couples looking to conceive should not use bitter melon. One study in particular showed that bitter melon may have antispermatogenic activity. The study is far from conclusive, and even if true, the results are temporary -- with speratogenic activity quickly returning to normal upon ceasing ingestion.

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Bromelain (found in pHi-Zymes)
Bromelain is a proteolytic digestive enzyme derived from pineapple stems that can enhance absorption of protein. It may also affect protein turnover in the body including proteins found in joint tissue. The broad substrate specificity of bromelain enables the enzyme to efficiently hydrolyze most soluble proteins. This enzyme exhibits excellent performance on both animal and vegetable proteins.

Bromelain is important as an anti-inflammatory enzyme useful in post traumatic responses and swelling and after surgery. It also makes sense as part of an anti-aging program as it reduces tissue irritation. In addition, it helps reduce platelet aggregation, arterial plaqueing, and clot formation. Bromelain's most popular use has been to reduce joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

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Bioperine (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Bioperine, a black pepper extract, serves the same purpose as cayenne serves in liquid tinctures. It drives the other ingredients into the blood and significantly improves their efficacy. In human studies, for example, the bioavailability of curcumin was increased twentyfold when used with bioperine. Bioperine improves the absorption of many vitamins and biochemicals in the intestine, promotes their retention in cells, and prevents their being metabolized in the liver. Effectively, it increases the efficacy of virtually all of the ingredients in this formula.

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Biotin (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Biotin is a water soluble vitamin which can be depleted by stress. It is essential in the conversion of carbohydrates to energy and plays a major role in fat and protein metabolism for building healthy tissue. Biotin works synergistically with insulin to lower blood sugar levels in diabetics especially at higher doses of 10-20 mg.

When taking high doses of alpha lipoic acid, it is important to also take biotin because alpha lipoic acid can compete with biotin and interfere with its activity in the body.

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Black Peppercorns (found in Liver Flush Tea)
Black peppercorns are whole immature berries that are harvested while still green and dried in the sun until they turn black. The berries contain a white inner kernel - the hottest part of the berry, which is quite fiery when used on its own - and a black outer husk, which has all the aromatic fragrance that enhances the flavor of food.

The use of black pepper, or piper nigrum, goes back 4000 years in the East. The Chinese used pepper to treat malaria, cholera, dysentery, diarrhea and stomach complaints. It is:

• analgesic
• antimicrobial
• antiseptic
• antispasmodic
• antitoxic
• bactericidal
• diuretic
• laxative
• systemic stimulant
• and aids in digestion

And, like cayenne, piper nigrum serves to drive other herbs into the blood, thereby making them more effective.

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Black Walnut Hulls (found in Liver Tincture)
Black Walnut is revered as a dependable remedy for bad blood diseases such as scrofula (degenerative lymphatic infection characterized by swelling and pain in the lymph nodes and joints), syphilis, and diphtheria. Black Walnut Hulls are also known to be especially high in organic iodine and are useful in cleansing programs, especially in expelling parasites. It is said to have effectively killed more than 100 known parasites.

Black Walnut has also been proven to be a strong natural remedy for the treatment of acne, thyroid disease, colitis, eczema, hemorrhoids, ringworm, sore throats, tonsillitis, skin irritations, and wounds.

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Bloodroot (found in Blood Support)
Bloodroot has been researched and found to be a potent anticancer agent. In addition to laboratory tests, it has been used to treat tens of thousands of people over the last century and a half. Many of these (according to some estimates as many as 80%, which is probably greatly exaggerated) experienced remission of malignancy and longer life expectancies than people with similar conditions who chose different treatments. (Note: Dr. Andrew Weil has stated that Bloodroot preparations can be used as an effective alternative remedy in the treatment of skin cancers and moles.)

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Blueberry Leaf (found in Accelerator)
Blueberry leaf contains significant pharmaceutical amounts of both chlorogenic and caffeic acids (20%). New studies have shown that taken together, the unique compounds in blueberry leaf help to simultaneously reduce glucose absorption in the intestines, decrease glucose synthesis in the liver, and speed up the rate of glucose metabolism. Residents of the Caucasia region of the former Soviet Union have traditionally taken medicinal teas infused with leaves of the blueberry plant, as a self treatment for blood sugar imbalances, diabetes and hypoglycemia. Blueberry leaf extract is also proven to reduce total cholesterol in LDL levels and is beneficial as a food for the pancreas, while helping the problems associated with kidneys and gallbladder.

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Brown Rice Protein (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Brown rice protein is an excellent source of vegan, hypo-allergenic protein (unlike dairy, egg, and soy proteins). In addition, brown rice is a complete protein, with one of the highest Protein Efficiency Ratios known. The Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) is the measure of actual protein available for the body to use. The PER is connected to the percentage of the protein actually digested by the body. With rice protein, after 4 hours, better than 80% of the protein has been digested, compared to only about 57% for soy. The problem with rice protein, however, is that even though its taste is mild, it can tend to add a chalky consistency to anything it is added to. For that reason we blended it with Yellow Pea Protein.

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Burdock Root (found in Liver Flush Tea, Blood Support)
Burdock root is probably the most famous detoxifying agent in the herbal arsenal. It cleanses the blood by increasing the effectiveness of all of the body's elimination systems. Its diuretic effect helps the kidneys filter impurities from the blood. It helps push toxins out through the skin, and it also boosts the ability of the liver to remove toxins. The bottom line is that by pushing toxins out through a variety of pathways, burdock can purify the blood with minimal side effects and with minimal stress to the body.

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Calendula Oil (found in Essential Relief)
Calendula oil relieves pain, and is anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic.

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Camu-Camu (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Camu-Camu is the single most concentrated source of Vitamin C found in nature, containing 30 to 60 times more vitamin C than an orange. Camu-Camu also contains thiamin, riboflavin and niacin and is rich in bioflavonoids.

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Cardamom Seed (found in Liver Flush Tea)
Famous for its expectorant action, cardamom is also used to treat various types of cough, conditions involving respiratory allergies, phlegmatic conditions and sore throat. Cardamom is also used to control various digestive problems like excessive thirst, nausea, vomiting, indigestion and flatulence.

Cardamom also has a wonderful smell and flavor.

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Carrot Juice Powder (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
It is not an accident that carotenoids and carrots share the same root name. Carrot juice powder contains over 400 known carotenoids, in addition to offering one of the highest sources of true beta-carotene. And of course, it adds a wonderful sweet taste to the final mix.

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Carrot Tops (found in KGP Flush ™)
Carrot tops are an under-appreciated source of relief for all sorts of urinary tract problems and symptoms. The Amish swear by it, dedicating significant acreage to carrots just for this reason. Carrot Top Tea can clear up skin blemishes, flush the kidneys and bladder, and clean the blood of toxins.

Carrot tops are also helpful in clearing the kidneys and urinary tract (as well as the prostate). They are also highly alkalizing to the blood, taking stress off the kidneys.

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Cascara Sagrada (found in Colon Corrective)
Cascara sagrada is recognized as safe and effective by the Food and Drug Administration. It appears in the national formularies of most countries, and has been in the United States Pharmacopoeia since 1890.

Early plant chemists identified the active laxative constituents in cascara sagrada bark as anthraquinone derivatives. These compounds stimulate peristalsis, the vigorous wavelike contractions of the large intestine that keep food moving through the digestive system. When cascara speeds the process up, the body produces a softer, quicker bowel movement because the intestine has had less chance to absorb the liquid from the stool. Several studies have shown that cascara sagrada is effective in easing chronic constipation in elderly people.

Special Note
There are rumors circulating about that Cascara sagrada and Senna might be dangerous. Virtually all of the complaints center around a single incident several years ago where a healthy person in their 30's used something called Super Dieter's Tea (a senna based drink) to lose weight. She died for no apparent reason and the doctor's said it must have been the senna in the tea.

First of all, there is no proof that the senna was responsible. It was merely an assumption made by the doctors. The argument was that it disrupted her electrolyte balance. In her situation, it may have. If you use Senna or Cascara sagrada, not as an aid to proper bowel movements (as we do), but as a purgative to stop from absorbing calories (as in Super Dieter's Tea), you will end up passing a lot of electrolytes -- but unlikely enough to affect the heart.

The bottom line is that it is unlikely the senna was responsible, and on top of that, we don't use nearly the amount of senna consumed in Super Dieter's Tea. In the Colon corrective, it is merely a stimulant to proper colon function. No one has ever suffered a problem from it when used in that regard.

The other claim sometimes made about Senna and Cascara sagrada is that you become dependent on them to have a bowel movement. The evidence does not bear that out. Tens of thousands of people who did not have regular bowel movements before using Jon Barron's colon stimulating formulas, have gone on his formulas (or formulas like them) have stayed on them for a number of months to build up colon function, and then weaned themselves off. The net result is that their colons are stronger and working better than before they started on the program.

Note: both Senna and Cascara sagrada can cause temporary staining of the lining of the large intestine, a condition doctors have labeled melanosis coli -- which produces no other symptoms or problems and goes away in time.

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Catalase (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Glutathione perioxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase are the primary three enzymes produced in the body as an antioxidant defense. Catalase is a specific for protection against tumors. A little catalase can go a long way: one catalase enzyme molecule can catalyze the breakdown of five million molecules of peroxide radicals into water and oxygen in just one minute.

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Catalyst Altered Water (found in Catalyst Altered Trace Minerals)
Catalyst altered water has been electrically altered by the addition of the micelle catalyst so that it no longer clumps together. The rigid tetrahedral structure of the water breaks apart so that the water flows much more easily in and out of cells - readily carrying minerals and nutrients into the cells, and waste out.

Micelle is an extremely small, high-energy particle with a powerful negative magnetic field. As already mentioned, when added to ordinary water, it causes a change in the structure of that water. The molecular structure is altered from the very stable tetrahedron structure into chains of water molecules attracted to the colloidal micelle by strong electrostatic bonds.

A simple way of explaining this is say that CAW is a more efficient form of water. When consumed regularly, CAW can help in the absorption and assimilation of all nutrients (not just minerals), increase enzyme activity, and strengthen the immune system. And in addition to all of those benefits, regular consumption of CAW offers increased elimination of toxins and wastes. It also works as an extraordinary free radical scavenger and helps reduce inflammation -- throughout the body.

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Cat's Claw (found in Blood Support)
The Ashaninka tribe of Peru uses Cat's Claw to treat asthma, inflammations of the urinary tract, to recover from childbirth, as a kidney cleanser, to cure deep wounds, for arthritis, rheumatism and bone pain, to control inflammation and gastric ulcers, and for cancer. Other indigenous tribes use Cat's Claw, also called Uncaria tomentosa, to treat tumors, inflammations, rheumatism and gastric ulcers. Indian tribes in Columbia use the vine to treat gonorrhea and dysentery. Other Peruvian indigenous tribes use Cat's Claw to treat diabetes, urinary tract cancer in women, cirrhosis, gastritis, rheumatism, inflammations and tumors. The Cashibo tribe of eastern Peru believes that Cat's Claw normalizes the body and have used it since ancient times to treat fevers, abscesses and to cleanse the system. Other documented indigenous uses in Peru include using Uncaria tomentosa for hemorrhages, impurities of the skin, as a blood cleanser and for irregularity of the menstrual cycle.

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Catuaba (found in Men's Formula)
The Tupi Indians of Brazil first started using catuaba bark centuries ago. At first they used it because it dramatically helped enhance libido. Then they noticed that it also relieved pain and fatigue, controlled nervousness, improved memory, and helped with depression. Nowadays, herbalists and health practitioners use catuaba in much the same way; as a tonic for the libido as well as a central nervous system stimulant, for sexual impotence, general exhaustion and fatigue, for insomnia related to hypertension, agitation, and for poor memory.

Beyond that, researchers in Japan have discovered that catuaba is a powerful antiviral and antibacterial compound. Experiments were done in which mice were given both catuaba and lethal doses of E. Coli and Staph infection. In both cases, the herb prevented the bacteria from killing the mice. More amazingly, catuaba has been shown to fight the HIV virus. Researchers gave mice catuaba and HIV, and the herb prevented the animal's white blood cells from absorbing the virus.

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Cayenne (African Bird Pepper) (found in Colon Corrective, Blood Support, Essential Relief)
The potent, hot fruit of cayenne has been used as medicine for centuries. It is helpful for various conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, including constipation (by stimulating peristalsis), stomach aches, cramping pains, and gas.

It is also extremely beneficial for the circulatory system, helping to improve the elasticity of the walls of both the arterial and venous systems, reducing the stickiness of blood platelets, and working to equalize blood pressure throughout the body.

Cayenne also works as a pain reliever by stimulating the release of various neurotransmitters from the pain nerves, leading to their depletion, and the concomitant inability of the nerves to transmit pain impulses.

And finally, cayenne is used in many herbal formulas as a "driver" -- to "push" the other herbs in the formula into the bloodstream more quickly.

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Cellulase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Cellulase digests cellulose (fiber). Cellulase, which is not found in the human system, breaks the bonds found in fiber. By disrupting the structure of the fiber matrices or cell walls which envelop most of the nutrients in plants, cellulase increases the nutritional value of fruits and vegetables.

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Chanca Piedra (found in KGP Flush ™)
Chanca piedra works equally well on softening gallstones, kidney stones, kidney sludge, and pancreatic sludge. In fact, the name chanca piedra, as it is known in Peru, comes from its effect on kidney stones and gallstones. The literal translation is "stone breaker." It effectively softens both kidney stones and gallstones for easy passage out of the body. It is also renowned for its diuretic qualities and has been shown effective at helping relieve edema and urine retention. It also works as an anti-inflammatory agent in the kidneys and as an antihepatotoxic in the liver. That is to say, it counters the effects of toxins in the liver.

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Chaparral (found in Blood Support, Ultimate Antioxidant)
Native Americans have used Chaparral for centuries as an anti-cancer remedy. Exactly how it works is open to debate, but some of its main actions are:

• Chaparral is one of the most powerful anti-oxidants in nature. The primary biochemical responsible for this is NDGA (nordihydroguaiaretic acid) - so effective, it is often used as a food preservative.
• Chaparral cleanses the lymph system.
• It cleanses the blood.
• It cleanses the liver.
• It cleanses the urinary tract.
• It's a natural chelator that clears heavy metals from the blood.
• It is anti-pathogenic. In other words it drives microbes and parasites from the body. Chaparral has even shown much promise with herpes.
• Studies show that chaparral may also inhibit cell proliferation as well as DNA synthesis.
• University tests have indicated that chaparral can destroy and dissolve many types of tumors.

So how could such a beneficial herb be on everyone's blacklist?

According to the FDA, "Chaparral: sold as teas and pills to fight cancer and "purify blood," has been linked to serious liver damage. The FDA has recorded two deaths and 10 cases of hepatitis or other liver abnormalities in users."

The reality, though, is that the evidence for chaparral liver toxicity is anecdotal. It is not the result of any double blind studies or of any clinical trials. For example, one of the cases the FDA likes to single out can be found in the Journal of the American Medical Association (273 (6):489). The details of the case concern a 60-year-old woman who developed jaundice and liver failure while taking one to two capsules of chaparral each day with a pinch of garlic in a tea made from nettle and chickweed. The authors of the JAMA article concluded it was the chaparral that caused the liver problems. What is fascinating is that the patient in question was also consuming atenolol, aspirin, was on a nitro patch, and occasional acetaminophen, as well as diltiazem hydrochloride - all drugs with profound hepatoxic potential. Amazingly, none of these other substances was even considered as a possible cause of the liver problems by the authors...or the FDA. What a surprise!

Nevertheless (and despite the fact that extensive studies on chaparral in the 1970s and 1980s were unable to find any hepatotoxic properties), in December of 1992, FDA Commissioner David Kessler announced, "The public should not purchase or consume chaparral".

After these allegations of liver toxicity by the FDA, manufacturers voluntarily restricted sales of chaparral for several years until the reports were investigated. Following a lengthy review, a panel of medical experts concluded "no clinical data was found... to indicate chaparral is inherently a hepatic toxin." In late 1994, this report was submitted to the FDA and chaparral was subsequently given a clean bill of health by the American Herbal Products Association (AHPA). After comparing the quantity of chaparral consumed each year (it is estimated that over 200 tons, 500 million capsules, has been sold in the U.S. in the last two decades alone) to the number of product complaints, industry regulators concluded that chaparral did not pose a significant threat to consumer safety. (Dr. Clark Watt and a group of scientists and doctors concluded that hepatoxicity was most likely due to an allergic reaction rather than "inherent liver toxicity.")

So is this remarkable herb, the cornerstone of many great anti cancer formulas, now sold freely in the marketplace and used to benefit ailing people all over the world? Hardly!

Search for "chaparral toxicity" on the web and you will see numerous articles still announcing the dangers of the herb (all citing the same cases from the early 90's.) Or try and buy chaparral in Canada or much of Europe. Right! The problem is that once an herb is labeled dangerous (even if disproved at a later date), the stigma remains - and is brought up over and over and over again...acquiring truth through repetition, if not fact.

Fortunately, despite the bad press, chaparral, or larrea, is at least available (for the time being) in the United States.

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Chicory (found in Liver Tincture)
Chicory root, called kasni, in the far east, contains tannin phlobaphenes and reducing sugars. The seeds have carminative and cordial properties and are useful as a brain tonic and for headache, asthma and bilious vomiting.

Chicory is an acclaimed liver protector and is used in hepatic enlargement, fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. It also stimulates the flow of bile and has anti-inflammatory properties.

Medicinally, chicory has been used to help treat everything including: acne, cellulite, constipation, diabetes, eczema, gallstones, gastritis, gout, hepatitis, jaundice, liver stagnation, lymphatic cancer, rheumatism, urinary infections.

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Chlorella (found in Metal Magic, Private Reserve Superfood)
In addition to being a great source of protein and all around nutrition, chlorella also has some very specialized benefits.

• Chlorella is a powerful detoxification aid for heavy metals and pesticides. Numerous research projects in the U.S. and Europe indicate that chlorella can also aid the body in breaking down persistent hydrocarbon and metallic toxins such as mercury, cadmium and lead, DDT and PCB while strengthening the immune system response. In Japan, interest in chlorella has focused largely on its detoxifying properties - its ability to remove or neutralize poisonous substances from the body.
• Chlorella gets its name from the high amount of chlorophyll it possesses. Chlorella contains more chlorophyll per gram than any other plant. This makes chlorella a great blood cleanser and a great stimulator for the production of red blood cells in the body.
• Chlorella stimulates the activity of macrophages and T-cells by increasing interferon levels thus enhancing the immune system's ability to combat foreign invaders whether they are viruses, bacteria, chemicals or foreign proteins.
• Chlorella is alkaline and helps balance your body's pH.
• Studies have shown that chlorella tends to normalize blood sugar in cases of hypoglycemia.

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Chlorozyme ™ (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Consisting of aspirgillis-derived enzymes and charged electrolytes, Chlorozyme is a "green food activator" that increases the bioavailability of any green food supplement by 12 to 49 percent.

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Cilantro (found in Metal Magic)
Fresh cilantro is extremely effective in helping flush heavy metals out of the blood. Taking 400 mg of cilantro a day can dramatically reduce the level of heavy metals (particularly mercury) in the body in just 2-3 weeks.

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Cinnamon Bark (found in Liver Flush Tea)
Cinnamon contains compounds called catechins, which help relieve nausea and make it beneficial when doing a liver detox. In addition, the plant's essential oil has been found to stimulate movement in the gastrointestinal tract. And cinnamon's pleasing scent stimulates saliva production, which aids in digestion.

In addition, both test-tube and animal studies have found that cinnamon functions as a carminative, or gas-reliever, and as such can help relieve flatulence and bloating. It can relieve mild abdominal discomfort caused by excess gas.

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Cinnulin PF (found in Glucotor v.2)
A Cinnulin PF is a water soluble polyphenol Type A polymer that is the only cinnamon extract validated in studies by the USDA to:

• Improve your body's insulin response up to twentyfold.
• Cinnulin is up to 700% more effective than cinnamon itself and avoids the potentially harmful allergic side effects that can occur when using high doses of cinnamon.
• Cinnulin also has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol. And Cinnulin can significantly lower blood serum triglycerides.

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Clove Buds (found in Liver Flush Tea)
The active ingredient in cloves is eugenol, which has long been known to kill bacteria and viruses. That's why clove is used as a food preservative. And in the same way cloves keep food fresh by killing bacteria, they also help prevent stomach upset and diarrhea.

One other important note on cloves is that it is one of the few things known to actually destroy most parasite eggs.

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CMIK-pH+ ™ (found in pHi-Zymes)
An optimal pH environment is crucial to the effectiveness of proteolytic enzymes. CMIK-pH+ is a proprietary blend of calcium, magnesium, ionic trace minerals, and potassium that optimizes pH - and a whole lot more.

• First, it provides extra protection for the enzymes from stomach acid. Normally, if you take your proteolytic enzymes on an empty stomach, the acid content is fairly low so they don't suffer much damage anyway - particularly if you choose your enzymes carefully. This was one of the reasons for using Seaprose-S instead of serrapeptase in the original formula. Nevertheless, CMIK-pH+ provides that "extra level" of protection. (Note: enteric coating is a pretty marginal technology when it comes to capsules. It doesn't really protect the enzymes very well.)
• It helps optimize the pH of the blood. In general, blood pH will vary very little to protect against death. However, minor changes in blood pH make a huge difference in proteolytic enzyme efficiency and oxygen availability. The impact of CMIK-pH+ in this regard is monumental.
• CMIK-pH+ helps optimize the pH of all your soft tissue. Since your body will do anything to keep your blood's pH in a narrow range, that means it robs Peter to pay Paul. It steals minerals and lowers pH in your soft tissue to protect your blood if your diet is too acidic. And if you eat meat, dairy, cooked grains, desserts, and most fruit, then your diet is indeed too acid. Bottom line here is that by raising soft tissue pH, you dramatically improve the ability of proteolytic enzymes to root out CIC's embedded in that soft tissue, thus relieving allergies and reducing the possibility of autoimmune conditions.
• And finally, by providing a source of buffering minerals, CMIK-pH+ reduces the chances of osteoporosis. After all, if your body needs minerals to buffer a high acid diet, what's the biggest mineral bank in your body? Your bones! The presence of CMIK-pH+ can help offset some (or all) of that need, depending on how many pHi-Zymes you take, so you keep minerals in your bones for strength.

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CMO (Cetyl Myristoleate) (found in Triple Jointed)
Cetyl myristoleate (CMO) is the common name for cis-9-cetyl myristoleate. (A relative of the Omega-9 fatty acid found in olive oil.) It is a completely natural medium chain fatty acid found in certain animals, including cows, whales, beavers, and mice -- but not in people. CMO was discovered in 1972 by Harry W. Diehl, Ph.D., a researcher at the National Institutes of Health. At the time, Dr. Diehl was responsible for testing anti-inflammatory drugs on lab animals. In order for him to test the drugs, he first had to artificially induce arthritis in the animals by injecting a heat-killed bacterium called Freund's adjuvant. Dr. Diehl discovered that Swiss albino mice did not get arthritis after injection of Freund's adjuvant. Eventually, he was able to determine that cetyl myristoleate was the factor present naturally in mice that was responsible for this protection. When CMO was injected into various strains of rats, it offered the same protection against arthritis. There have been three notable studies on humans.

The first double blind study was conducted in 1997 under the auspices of the Joint European Hospital Studies Program. Of the 106 people who received cetyl myristoleate, 63% showed improvement vs. just 15% for the 226 people in the placebo group.

In 2001, a study of 1814 arthritis patients found that over 87% of the subjects in the study had greater than 50% recovery and over 65% of those showed from 75% - 100% recovery following a sixteen day regimen. All types of arthritis were positively affected by CMO. Only those subjects with liver damage or digestive problems or those taking immune suppressing medications were not helped.

In 2002, a double blind study of 64 people with chronic knee pain, published in the Journal or Rheumatology, concluded that CMO provided a significant functional improvement in range of motion vs. placebo. In fact, the study concluded that CMO "may be an alternative to the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis."

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Cordyceps (found in Immunify, Private Reserve Superfood)
Cordyceps has properties similar to those of ginseng and has been used to strengthen and rebuild the body after exhaustion or long-term illness. It has also been used traditionally for impotence, neurasthenia, and backache.

Recent research with extracts of cordyceps has yielded a protein-bound polysaccharide with high oral activity against tumors, as well as immunological enhancement. Cordyceps is one of the most valued medicinal fungi in all Chinese medicine, among the most potent, and is widely employed to treat upper respiratory problems, impotence, weakened immune systems, and by athletes to increase endurance.

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Corn Silk (found in KGP Flush ™)
Corn silk is a soothing diuretic and works as an excellent remedy for urinary conditions such as retained urine, burning urine, kidney stones, bladder infections, gonorrhea, and as a lymphatic system cleanser. Corn Silk is used to treat bladder infections, kidney stones, infections of the prostate gland, and urinary infections.

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Curcumin (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Curcumin is what gives turmeric its yellow color. Studies have shown that it can inhibit colon cancer cells by some 96% in a matter of hours. It also appears to have great potential in countering the effects of prostate cancer and breast cancer. In a sense, curcumin can be thought of as natural chemotherapy -- with the ability to selectively kill cancer cells, while at the same time leaving normal cells alone. Note: Curcumin and green tea strongly reinforce each other.

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Damiana (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
In the years following the European conquest of Central and South American, Damiana has been associated with improving sexual function in both males and females.

In Holland it is renowned for its sexual enhancing qualities and positive effect on the reproductive organs. The pharmacology of the plant suggests that its alkaloids could have testosterone-like actions.

Damiana is a major component of countless herbal "viagra alternative" remedies, aphrodisiacs, love potions and impotence cures.

Curiously, damiana is also a pleasant mood enhancer that leaves many people with a feeling of happiness and well-being.

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Dandelion Root (found in Liver Tincture, Liver Flush Tea, KGP Flush ™)
Dandelion is a bitter herb that is highly effective as a blood cleanser that strains and filters toxins from the blood.

It is a superb diuretic that improves the function of the pancreas, spleen, stomach, and kidneys (reduces kidney inflammation) without depleting potassium from the body.

But primarily, dandelion root is one of the great liver herbs. It is the best lipotropic known, flushing excess fat from the liver, thereby helping to relieve chronic liver congestion. In addition, it increases the production of bile. And studies have proven that it actually has "liver healing" properties.

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DMAE (found in Ever Young)
By any definition, DMAE is the perfect companion to carnosine in an anti-aging formulation. First, it reinforces carnosine's own anti-aging properties. Then, it provides a whole series of complementary benefits of its own. DMAE is short for (dimethylaminoethanol), a naturally-occurring nutrient that enhances acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis. Adequate levels of ACh are important for proper memory function. Normally found in small amounts in our brains, DMAE has been shown to remarkably enhance brain function when used as a supplement in clinical studies.

One of the prime actions of DMAE is that it flushes accumulated lipofuscin from your body - from the neurons in your brain, from your skin, and from all other organs. It also complements carnosine in that DMAE on its own has been shown to inhibit and reverse the Cross-Linking of proteins and extend lifespan.

Numerous scientific studies now show that DMAE can help:

• Increase Acetylcholine levels and RNA levels in the brain
• Stimulate mental activity
• Increase attention span
• Increase alertness
• Increase intelligence (especially in children)
• Increase energy levels
• Provide a mild, safe tonic effect
• Stimulate the central nervous system
• Relieve anxiety
• Elevate mood in general
• Alleviate behavioral problems and hyperactivity associated with Attention Deficit Disorder
• Increase motivation and reduce apathy in persons suffering from depression
• Induce sounder sleep
• Over time reduce the amount of sleep required by about 1 hour per night
• Intensify dreams tremendously. (Even more so when you take it along with a large dose of phosphatidyl choline -- a key component of lecithin)
• Cause dreams to become more lucid
• Increase willpower
• Decrease the incidence and severity of hangovers in people who consume excessive amounts of alcohol

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DMSO (found in Essential Relief)
DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide, is MSM's big brother, works as a universal solvent.

Over the years, there has been much nonsense, pro and con, written about DMSO, and the FDA has had a running battle with many DMSO distributors during that time. As a result, a number of urban legends about DMSO are making their rounds. Such as:

• It is illegal. It is not illegal. It is just illegal to make healing claims for it.
• It causes blindness. It does not cause blindness. In fact, there is an experimental treatment for cataracts that has had some success that uses eye drops made from DMSO, distilled water, and glutathione.
• It causes liver damage. Medical grade DMSO does not cause liver damage. Industrial grade may. Make sure that you use only medical grade.
• Topical use can cause a rash, blistering, itching, hives, and skin thickening. This is the one claim that has some truth to it.
  • If used undiluted, it can be irritating to the skin. Always dilute.
  • If you do not wash before using DMSO and you have any chemicals on the skin, the DMSO can "carry" those irritants into the skin. Always wash the area of application before using, and wash your hands before and after using.
  • And a small percentage of people (less than 1%) will have a minor skin reaction to it, which goes away in a few hours. If you're one of those people, don't use it.

Bottom line: DMSO is legal, safe, and effective if you use diluted, medical grade DMSO in a proper manner -- and make no claims for it.

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Dried Prune (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Prunes have been the subject of repeated health research for their high content of unique phytonutrients called neochlorogenic and chlorogenic acid. These damage-preventing substances are particularly effective in neutralizing a particularly dangerous oxygen radical called the superoxide anion radical, and they have also been shown to help prevent oxygen-based damage to fats. Since our cell membranes, brain cells and molecules such as cholesterol are largely composed of fats, preventing free radical damage to fats is a significant benefit. In fact, prunes have the highest Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity of any food tested.

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Echinacea (found in Immunify)
Echinacea is truly a miracle herb. For one thing, it contains echinacoside (a natural antibiotic, comparable to penicillin in effect) that can kill a broad range of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, which makes it invaluable in wound healing and the treatment of infectious diseases. Research has also reported echinacea's efficacy in treating colds, flu, bronchitis, tuberculosis, infections, etc.

Echinacea also contains echinacein, a biochemical that protects against germ attack by neutralizing the tissue dissolving enzyme, hyaluronidase, produced by many germs. Also, studies, such as the one published in Infection and Immunology, show that echinacea contains substances that boost the ability of your body's macrophages to destroy germs. And other studies from the University of Munich have shown that echinacea extracts boost T-cell production by as much as 30% more than other immune boosting drugs.

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Eleutherococcus (found in Men's Formula)
Eleutherococcus, also known as Siberian Ginseng is of a different family from Panax (American, Korean, Chinese, Asian) Ginseng - and has some similar and some different characteristics, though all are referred to as Ginseng.

It strengthens the adrenal and reproductive glands. Enhances immune function, promotes lung functioning and stimulates the appetite. It is useful for bronchitis, circulatory problems, diabetes, infertility, lack of energy, and stress, and it is used by athletes for overall body strengthening. In fact, athletes have experienced as much as a 9% improvement in stamina when taking Siberian ginseng.

Siberian ginseng is most effective in the treatment of prolonged exhaustion and debility, resulting from overwork and long-term stress. The herb also stimulates immune resistance and can be taken in convalescence to aid recovery from chronic illness. As a general tonic, Siberian ginseng helps both to prevent infection and to maintain well-being. It is also used in treatments for impotence.

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Emu Oil (Non Vegetarian) (found in Essential Relief)
Emu Oil is a natural emollient used by Aboriginal Australians for thousands of years for its remarkable healing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is one of the few non-vegetarian ingredients that we use, but it so improves the efficacy of our pain formula that we felt we had no choice but to incorporate it.

Note: it takes very little emu oil to significantly enhance the effectiveness of the pain formula. The oil that comes from just one emu is enough to make 30,000 bottles of Essential Relief. When you consider that a single bottle is good for 200-300 applications, that means that one emu is providing between six to nine million doses of pain relief.

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Endonase ™ (found in pHi-Zymes)
Seaprose-S was one of the key enzymes used in the old Proteolytic Enzyme formula. It was integral to the formula because of its remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-fluid retention activity.

In addition to reducing inflammation, it has a profound ability to reduce pain, clear mucous from the lungs, and break down sputum in patients with chronic airway diseases. And unlike serrapeptase, it is not affected by stomach acid so it does not require enteric coating. It is also much less upsetting to the stomach.

But from a manufacturing point of view, it is like a high-strung racehorse -- difficult to work with. So Jon looked for an alternative (for over a year) before discovering Endonase (aka Protease-S). Endonase has all of the benefits of Seaprose-S (and is in fact closely related to it), but offers the advantage of being less concentrated so it's much easier to work with in manufacturing, resulting in a much more consistent final formulation.

Bottom line: Endonase allows us to get all of the benefits of Seaprose-S, but with much more precise tuning. For that reason, we replaced Seaprose-S with Endonase in the new pHi-Zymes formula.

Specifically, Endonase provides the following benefits:

• It's an anti-inflammatory agent, reducing pain and swelling in the body
• It cleans up arterial plaque
• It digests dead tissue, blood clots, and scar tissue
• It dissolves fibroid cysts
• It loosens and expels mucous
• It helps relieve chronic sinusitis

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Erva Tostao (found in Liver Flush Tea)

The roots of erva tostao have held an important place in herbal medicine in both Brazil and India for many years. G. L. Cruz, one of Brazil's leading medical herbalists, reports erva tostao is "a plant medicine of great importance, extraordinarily beneficial in the treatment of liver disorders." It is employed in Brazilian herbal medicine as a cholagogue and diuretic, for all types of liver disorders (including jaundice and hepatitis), gallbladder pain and stones, urinary tract disorders, renal disorders and calculi, cystitis, and nephritis. Erva tostao is called punarnava in India, where it has a long history of use by indigenous and tribal people and in Ayurvedic herbal medicine systems. There, the roots are employed as a diuretic, stomachic, laxative, and emmenagogue to treat gonorrhea, internal inflammation of all kinds, dropsy, jaundice, menstrual problems, anemia, and liver, gallbladder, and kidney disorders.

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Fennel Seed (found in Colon Corrective, Liver Flush Tea, Colon Detoxifier)
Fennel is a carminative herb that helps reduce colic, gas, indigestion, intestinal disorders, assimilation, nausea, and flatulence. It also can help break up kidney stones and uric acid in the tissues and is therefore used in treating gout.

Fennel will help clear mucus and phlegm from the lungs and it will also help rid the intestinal tract of mucus. Its tissue cleansing properties also have a cleansing effect on the gallbladder and liver. Fennel is very effective for cancer patients after radiation and chemotherapy.

Fennel will help improve digestion and quiet hiccups. This herb will effectively reduce or eliminate intestinal and stomach gas.

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Fenugreek Seed (found in Liver Flush Tea, Glucotor v.2)
Historically, fenugreek has been used to treat both respiratory and stomach ailments. Specifically it is used for allergies, bronchitis, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, digestive ailments, emphysema, intestinal gas, gastrointestinal spasms, headaches, lung infections, mucous congestion and skin eruptions.

As far back as ancient Egypt, fenugreek was prized for its healing properties. However, its strong bitter taste and its tendency to produce strong odors in sweat and urine made it less than optimal as a substantial component of any formula - until now. Recently, a tasteless, odorless fenugreek extract with a 60-80% galactomannan content was developed. This allows access to all of fenugreek's benefits, with none of the downside. Benefits include:

• Decreases the glycemic incidence of food. (In studies, the unique galactomannan ratio of galactose and mannose in fenugreek reduced urinary sugar levels of participants by as much as 54%).
• Decreases insulin response to food and helps maintain normal serum glucose levels (by slowing down the absorption rate of carbohydrates, thereby lowering the insulin requirement).
• Inhibits absorption of fats. (The steroidal saponins account for many of the beneficial effects of fenugreek, particularly the inhibition of cholesterol absorption and synthesis.).
• Aids in weight-loss by increasing the sense of fullness.

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Flax Seed (Stabilized, Ground) (found in Colon Detoxifier)
Fiber is an important factor in our diet. The average person in America has a fiber intake of less than 10 grams a day. For optimum health and to prevent certain forms of cancer (colon or breast) and aid in the prevention of heart disease, you need between 25-30 grams of fiber! Flax is one of the highest sources of fiber known. It is also extremely high in beneficial omega-3 fatty acids.

Omega-3's lower high blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels by as much as 25% and 65%. Omega-3's decrease the probability of a blood clot blocking an artery. They also lower blood pressure, reduce inflammation, and lower insulin requirements in diabetics.

Unfortunately, omega-3 fatty acids go rancid very quickly after grinding. That's why it's vital to use stabilized ground flax if you are not grinding it fresh yourself on a daily basis.

And flax is high in lignans, some of nature's most powerful anti-tumor biochemicals.

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Fructo-Oligosaccharides (found in Probiotics)
Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are found in many vegetables and consist of short chains of fructose molecules. Since FOS can be only partially digested by humans, the undigested portion serves as food for "friendly" bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus species. Clinical studies have shown that supplementation with FOS can increase the number of these friendly bacteria in the colon while simultaneously reducing the population of harmful bacteria. For some of these bacteria, such as the Bifidus, FOS can increase their effectiveness by a factor of 1,000 times or more!! Other benefits noted with FOS supplementation include increased production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate, increased absorption of calcium and magnesium, and improved elimination of toxic compounds.

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Fungal Pancreatin (found in pHi-Zymes)
Vegetarian sourced.

Protease enzymes digests protein. Taking protease enzymes with meals spares the natural pool of protease enzymes circulating in the blood so that they can continue to breakdown and destroy unwanted fungi, bacteria and viruses in the bloodstream.

Fungal protease and Fungal pancreatin are names for particular strains of protease enzymes that are optimized for different pH levels. This is important as pH levels change as you move through the digestive tract. By using strains optimized for different pH's, you are assured that the proteolytic process is optimized through the entire digestive process.

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Fungal Protease (found in pHi-Zymes)
Vegetarian sourced.

Protease enzymes digests protein. Taking protease enzymes with meals spares the natural pool of protease enzymes circulating in the blood so that they can continue to breakdown and destroy unwanted fungi, bacteria and viruses in the bloodstream.

Fungal protease and Fungal pancreatin are names for particular strains of protease enzymes that are optimized for different pH levels. This is important as pH levels change as you move through the digestive tract. By using strains optimized for different pH's, you are assured that the proteolytic process is optimized through the entire digestive process.

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Garlic (found in Liver Tincture, Super ViraGon)
In the 1950's Dr. Albert Schweitzer used garlic to treat cholera, typhus, and amebic dysentery while working as a missionary in Africa. During both world wars, before the widespread availability of antibiotics, garlic was used on the battlefield to disinfect wounds and prevent gangrene. In fact, the soviet army relied so heavily on garlic that it earned the name "Russian penicillin."

Garlic is one of the best infection fighters available for both bacterial and viral infections. One of its many ingredients, allicin, is a natural antibiotic that does not appear to create resistant bacteria strains. In addition, fresh garlic extract has been shown to be virucidal to many viruses.

Garlic possesses the ability to stimulate the immune system. It can stimulate the activity of the macrophages (white blood cells), which engulf foreign organisms, such as: viruses, bacteria, and yeast. Furthermore, garlic increases the activity of the T-helper cells (immune cells which are central to the activity of the entire immune system). Garlic may be particularly effective in treating upper respiratory viral infections due to its immune-enhancing properties and its ability to clear mucous from the lungs.

The same component that gives garlic its strong odor is the one that destroys, or inhibits various bacteria and fungi. The component is allicin, and when crushed, combines with the enzyme allinase and results in antibacterial action equivalent to 1% penicillin. Garlic is also effective against strep and staph bacteria and anthrax.

And finally, garlic is anathema to most parasites and drives them from the body.

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Gentian Root (found in Liver Tincture)
Gentian is a bitter digestive tonic that supports liver and gallbladder function and that stimulates the flow of digestive juices and bile. Gentian is also excellent for improving appetite and digestion, and for strengthening the activity of the stomach.

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Ginger (found in Colon Corrective, Liver Tincture, Liver Flush Tea, Super ViraGon, Women's Formula, pHi-Zymes, Triple Jointed, Essential Relief)
Ginger has a long history of use in herbal medicine.

• Ginger has strong anti-viral properties.
• Ginger helps control nausea, which makes it useful in treating motion sickness, chemotherapy, radiation, morning sickness during pregnancy, as well as in intestinal activating and detoxing formulas, and in liver cleansing programs.
• Ginger is also a strong COX 2 inhibitor, thus helping to relieve inflammation and pain in the body. And not just the common inflammation many experience in a knee or shoulder, but also inflammation throughout the body, even in the brain of an Alzheimer's sufferer. Scientists now have convincing evidence, from decades of research, that the unchecked activity of the COX 2 enzyme may play a major role in the onset of many forms of cancer (including colon, skin, bladder, esophagus, and pancreas), arthritis, and Alzheimer's Disease.
• In the far east and India, ginger is renowned for its aphrodisiac properties.

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Gingko Biloba (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Known as the brain antioxidant, gingko has been shown to increase brain function, which makes it useful in helping to improve concentration and memory. This makes it a specific for Alzheimer's, where it has the added benefit of helping to significantly reduce depression.

In addition, gingko oxygenates the blood, increases circulation, and strengthens blood vessels. And finally, its anti-inflammatory, lung-relaxant properties have proven useful in the treatment of asthma, where it eases coughing and reduces tissue inflammation.

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Ginseng (found in Men's Formula)
In Asia, ginseng is commonly included in herbals used for the treatment of sexual dysfunction. Recent studies in laboratory animals have shown that both Asian and American forms of ginseng enhance libido and copulatory performance. These effects of ginseng may not be due to changes in hormone secretion, but to direct effects of ginseng, or its ginsenoside components, on the central nervous system and gonadal tissues. Indeed, there is good evidence that ginsenosides can facilitate penile erection by directly inducing the vasodilatation and relaxation of penile corpus cavernosum. Moreover, the effects of ginseng on the corpus cavernosum appear to be mediated by the release and/or modification of release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells and perivascular nerves. Treatment with American ginseng also affects the central nervous system and has been shown to significantly alter the activity of hypothalamic catecholamines involved in the facilitation of copulatory behavior and hormone secretion. Recent findings that ginseng treatment decreased prolactin secretion also suggested a direct nitric oxide-mediated effect of ginseng at the level of the anterior pituitary.

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Glucoamylase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Glucoamylase is added to digestive enzyme formulas to assure the breakdown of maltose into glucose molecules. Like amylase, the action of Glucoamylase terminates in the release of glucose from the hydrolysis of starch. However, glucoamylase hydrolyzes terminal linkages whereas amylase breaks interior bonds.

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Goldenrod (found in KGP Flush ™)
Goldenrod is used as an aquaretic agent, meaning that it promotes the loss of water from the body (as compared to a diuretic, which promotes the loss of both water and electrolytes such as salt). It is used frequently in Europe to treat urinary tract inflammation and to prevent or treat kidney stones. In fact, goldenrod has received official recognition in Germany for its effectiveness in getting rid of kidney stones. Goldenrod is also commonly found in teas to help "flush out" kidney stones and stop inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract. Goldenrod is said to wash out bacteria and kidney stones by increasing the flow of urine, and also, soothe inflamed tissues and calm muscle spasms in the urinary tract. It isn't used as a cure in itself, but rather as an adjunct to other, more definitive treatments such as (in the case of bladder infections) antibiotics.

Several studies have found that goldenrod does in fact increase urine flow.

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Goldenseal Root (found in Blood Support)
Goldenseal is a cure-all type of herb that strengthens the immune system, acts as an antibiotic, has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, makes insulin more effective, and cleanses vital organs. It promotes the functioning capacity of the heart, the lymphatic and respiratory system, the liver, the spleen, the pancreas, and the colon.

Taken internally, Goldenseal increases digestive secretions, astringes the mucous membranes that line the gut, and checks inflammation. It also aids digestion by promoting the production of saliva, bile, and other digestive enzymes. In addition it may control heavy menstrual and postpartum bleeding by means of its astringent action.

Note: Goldenseal should be taken on an "as needed" basis since its antibiotic actions will destroy beneficial intestinal bacteria over time.

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Graminex ™ Flower Pollen Extract 63 (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Years ago, bee pollen was "the" superfood in the alternative health industry - and for good reason. But over time, it was replaced by the next "hot" thing and the next hot thing after that. The simple truth, though, is that pollen still ranks as probably the single greatest superfood ingredient yet discovered. Just because something is old doesn't make it out of date. And, in fact, it has improved with age.

Years ago, it was available only in the form of fresh bee pollen. Flower pollen extract, though, which wasn't even possible until advanced manufacturing methods were invented, is a much, much more powerful supplement than the original.

Its first advantage is that unlike bee pollen, flower pollen is remarkably clean (containing no bee parts or dirt) and is therefore close to allergy free.

It is also far more digestible. It is harvested directly from the flower, totally bypassing the bees. In addition, unlike bee pollen, which contains the whole pollen grain, Graminex is an extract of the actual nutritive heart of the pollen - eliminating the hard to digest and allergy causing outer pollen husk. Graminex flower pollen extract contains virtually every single known compound necessary for life, including: vitamins, amino acids, nucleic acids, minerals, long chain alcohols, unsaturated fatty acids, prostaglandin precursors, and plant hormones - not to mention several thousand enzymes.

Because it has been around so long, flower pollen, and Graminex in particular, are backed by mountains of clinical studies -- particularly in terms of its benefits vis-à-vis the prostate.

This is a remarkable superfood ingredient.

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Grapefruit Seed Extract (found in Super ViraGon)
Grapefruit seed extract was originally developed as an antiparasitic, but studies quickly showed that it had the ability to inhibit the growth of not only parasites, but fungi, viruses, and bacteria as well. The active ingredients of grapefruit seed extract are non-toxic and are synthesized from the seed and pulp of certified organically grown grapefruit. The process converts the grapefruit bioflavonoids (polyphenolics) into an extremely potent compound that is being used to kill strep, staph, salmonella, E. Coli, candida, herpes, influenza, parasites, fungi, and more.

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Gravel Root (found in KGP Flush ™)
Like chanca piedra and hydrangea, gravel root also exhibits both diuretic and anti-lithic properties. Used primarily for kidney stones or gravel (which accounts for its name), it also helps with cystitis, dysuria, urethritis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. It can also play a role in the systemic treatment of rheumatism and gout as it encourages excretion of excess uric acid. And finally, it tones the reproductive tract and is used to treat inflammation of the prostate.

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Great Salt Lake Trace Minerals (found in Catalyst Altered Trace Minerals)
The best, most balanced, concentrated source of essential elements for our bodies is seawater. And the purest, most concentrated seawater in the world comes from the Great Salt Lake. (Note: 99.5% of the sodium has been removed).

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Green Tea (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Green tea antioxidants are of the same family as grape seed and pine bark extracts. They are polyphenols, chief of which are the flavonoids called proanthocyanidins. In green tea, the main proanthocyanidins are the catechins, and the most powerful of the catechins is Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), found in the highest concentration in green tea.

Green tea works to prevent tumors from developing the blood vessels they need to survive. It has been shown to inhibit metastasis. And it is the first known natural telomerase inhibitor. That is to say, it eliminates the "immortality" of cancer cells which is their trademark and which makes them so deadly. Green tea is particularly effective in destroying the causes of leukemia, prostate cancer, and breast cancer.

And the benefits of green tea don't stop there. It has also been shown to be effective in regulating blood sugar, reducing triglycerides and in reversing the ravages of heart disease. (Incidentally, the Japanese, who drink large amounts of green tea, have some of the lowest rates of cardiovascular disease in the world.)

Green tea seems to be able to almost totally prevent cancer causing DNA damage in smokers -- a possible explanation as to why the Japanese, who are among the world's heaviest smokers, have such a low incidence of lung cancer.

And finally, green tea has great benefits for the brain as well, serving as an effective MAO inhibitor, protecting against brain-cell death from glucose oxidase, over-production of nitric oxide, and lowering the amount of free iron reaching the brain (a bad thing). The net result is that there are strong indications that green tea extract may play a major role in protecting against both Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.

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Guarana (found in Accelerator)
The active ingredient in guarana (guaranine) is chemically identical to caffeine -- but with one huge difference. In its natural form, it is bound to the fiber of the guarana seeds. That means its stimulating component is released gently, giving you up to 5 hours of refreshing vitality.

So, unlike coffee which is harsh, quick acting, short lasting, and can increase headaches, water weight gain, and exhaustion; the energy boost from guarana is:

• Gentle
• Slow acting
• Long lasting
• No headaches
• Provides stamina
• Endurance
• Energy

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Gymnema Sylvestre (found in Glucotor v.2)
Gymnema may be the classic "anti sugar" herb. In India, its name literally means "The Sugar Destroyer." Gymnema offers several unique benefits in this formula.

• It significantly reduces the metabolic effects of sugar by preventing the intestines from absorbing the sugar molecules during the process of digestion, and it accomplishes this through a different mechanism than any of the other ingredients. The active molecule in gymnema, called gymnemic acid, works by "filling" the sugar receptor sites in the intestine - making them unavailable to ingested sugars.
• It reduces the symptoms of glycosuria (sugar in the urine).
• It has been shown to regenerate the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, especially the beta cells. In tests on diabetic rats, the pancreas doubled in size and grew new insulin-producing cells. This is very significant.
• It stimulates the insulin secretion of the pancreas.
• Over time, it reduces the taste for sugar in much the same way that it prevents absorption in the intestine. The gymnemic acid blocks the receptor sites of the taste buds. (In fact, put some on your tongue, and it will kill all taste for sugar for a couple of hours.)

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Habanero (found in Super ViraGon)
Habanero works as a stimulant that quickens and excites the body. It also energizes the body (helping it to marshal its defenses against invading viruses). In addition, habanero helps to carry blood to all parts of the body.

And finally, habanero is a diaphoretic that helps raise the temperature of the body, which increases the activity of the body's immune system.

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Hemicellulase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Hemicellulase hydrolyzes the interior glucosidic bonds of galactomannoglucans yielding polysaccharides of lower molecular weight. Hemicellulase breaks down hemicellulose. Bottom line: hemicellulase helps break down fiber components in the intestinal tract.

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Horseradish (found in Super ViraGon)
Horseradish contains volatile oils that are similar to those found in mustard. These include glucosinolates (mustard oil glycosides), gluconasturtiin, and sinigrin, which yield allyl isothiocyanate when broken down in the stomach. In test tubes, the volatile oils in horseradish have shown antibiotic properties, which may account for its effectiveness in treating throat and upper respiratory tract infections. At levels attainable in human urine after taking the volatile oil of horseradish, the oil has been shown to kill bacteria that can cause urinary tract infections, and one early trial found that horseradish extract may be a useful treatment for people with urinary tract infections.

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Horsetail (found in Liver Flush Tea, KGP Flush ™)
Horsetail has not been extensively studied in people, but professional herbalists recognize that the herb has diuretic (promotes the excretion of urine) properties that may be useful for the following health problems:

• Urinary tract infections
• Kidney stones

Horsetail has been shown to possess hemolytic (blood clotting) and antibiotic activity, properties that contribute to the healing process. Horsetail also supplies calcium to the body, and is rich in several other minerals that the body uses to rebuild injured tissue.

In addition, horsetail's high silica content helps reduce the risk of excessive bleeding and contributes to the building of healthy blood cells. Research has shown that horsetail increases the number of phagocytes that kill germs and other foreign substances, which improves the functioning of the entire immune system.

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Hydrangea Root (found in KGP Flush ™)
The most common use for hydrangea is for the kidneys and bladder because of its effective diuretic property which helps increase the flow of urine. This removes impurities from the system and lessens the likelihood of infection along the entire urinary tract, which includes the kidneys, bladder, prostate (in men) and urethra. Hydrangea, like chanca piedra, is also considered an anti-lithic herb, which prevents stones or gravel from forming in the kidneys and bladder. As an anti-lithic herb, it can also assist the body in removing stones and gravel from these organs. This was a primary use of hydrangea by Native Americans.

Like most diuretic herbs, hydrangea is an excellent choice for treating inflamed or enlarged prostate glands. It is commonly combined with horsetail for this purpose. Maintaining healthy urine flow keeps the prostate less likely to constrict around the urethra, which prevents stagnant urine from causing more infection. This can also reduce inflammation by eliminating impurities from the prostate.

A scientific study published in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry in 2003 noted that hydrangea root extracts have greater antioxidant power in liver tissue than milk thistle and turmeric combined. The findings of Japanese researchers amplify observations of nineteenth-century American physicians who used hydrangea primarily as a treatment for "kidney gravel," small stones in the kidneys that could be passed with a minimum of pain after treatment with the herb. Physicians of the time also used hydrangea as a treatment for chronic chest pain caused by bronchitis. Hydrangea root powder has a greater diuretic effect than other preparations of the herb, but it has less of an effect on pain.

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Invertase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Invertase works to break down sucrose products like refined table sugar into glucose and fructose. The abundance of processed and highly refined foods in the average diet means that we consume a great amount of this type of sugar which can contribute to undue digestive stress. It is theorized that unrecognized sucrose intolerance is a contributing factor in many allergies. Supplemental Invertase enzymes can increase the assimilation and utilization of this sugar.

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Ionic Minerals (found in Digestive Enzymes, Ever Young, Triple Jointed)
Ionic minerals are added to many formulas to increase the bio-electric activity level of the ingredients in the formula and sustain their activity for a significantly longer period of time.

Ionic merely means that the minerals are broken down to their absolutely smallest form.

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Juniper Berries (found in Liver Flush Tea, KGP Flush ™)
Juniper is a prime herb for eliminating congestion of the kidneys and for removing waste products from the system via the kidneys. And not only does the herb work through the urinary tract, it also strengthens and builds the tract, the urinary passages and the bladder as well as the kidneys.

Juniper has also been recommended to strengthen the pancreas and the adrenal glands, thus being of importance in the treatment of diabetes.

Specifically, juniper berries are used to treat infections, especially within the urinary tract, bladder, kidneys, and prostate. Their antiseptic properties help remove waste and acidic toxins from the body, stimulating a fighting action against bacterial and yeast infections. Juniper Berries also help increase the flow of digestive fluids, improving digestion and eliminating gas and stomach cramping. As a diuretic, juniper berries eliminate excess water retention contributing to weight loss. Juniper berries' anti-inflammatory properties are ideal for relieving pain and inflammation related to rheumatism and arthritis. In addition, juniper berries are beneficial in reducing congestion, as well as treating asthma and colds. Juniper berries make an excellent antiseptic in conditions such as cystitis. But the essential oil present in this herb is quite stimulating to the kidney nephrons. Some texts warn that juniper oil may be a kidney irritant at higher doses, but there is no real evidence that this is the case, and the dosage in this formula is quite low. Nonetheless, people with serious kidney disease probably shouldn't take juniper.

Contemporary herbalists primarily use juniper as a diuretic ("water pill") component of herbal formulas designed to treat bladder infections. The volatile oils of juniper reportedly increase the rate of kidney filtration, thereby increasing urine flow and perhaps helping to "wash out" offending bacteria. The volatile oils, particularly terpinen-4-ol, may cause an increase in urine volume. According to some sources, juniper increases urine volume without a loss of electrolytes such as potassium. It is recommended by the German Commission E for kidney ailments.

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Kola Nut (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
Kola nut is a stimulant in its own right, but also serves to "drive" other herbs into the blood. In addition, kola nut helps increase oxygen levels in the blood.

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Konjac Mannan (found in Gluctor v.2)
Like nopal cactus, konjac mannan benefits the human body in numerous ways. Studies have shown that it can:

• Lower blood sugar levels by ameliorating insulin resistance
• Improve cholesterol profiles by binding to cholesterol and removing it as waste
• Dramatically lower triglycerides
• Lower blood pressure in a matter of weeks
• Reduce constipation in as little as three days
• Help people lose weight and then keep that weight off (significant weight-loss for about 10 weeks, followed by indefinite stabilization)

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L-Carnosine (found in Ever Young)
L-carnosine is a naturally occurring combination of two amino acids, alanine and histadine. A series of astonishing experiments done in Australia proved that carnosine rejuvenates cells as they approach the end of their life cycle. Cells cultured with carnosine lived longer and retained their youthful appearance and growth patterns. In fact, the studies showed that carnosine can actually REVERSE the signs of aging in older cells. A Russian study on mice has shown that mice given carnosine are twice as likely to reach their maximum lifespan as untreated mice. The carnosine also significantly reduced the outward "signs of old age." In effect, it made the mice look younger.

Quite simply, carnosine is one of the most powerful antioxidants known. It's a great heavy-metal scavenger. It's a powerful auto-regulator. And it stands alone when it comes to preventing and reversing protein glycation or cross-linking.

In addition, carnosine has been proven to reduce or completely prevent cell damage caused by beta amyloid, one of the prime protein risk factors for Alzheimer's. The presence of beta amyloid leads to damage to the nerves and arteries of the brain. Carnosine blocks and inactivates beta amyloid. In effect, it protects neural tissues against dementia.

Carnosine levels in our body directly correlate with both the length and quality of our lives. And since carnosine levels decline with age, supplementation with carnosine represents one of the most powerful things you can do to hold back the ravages of old age.

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L-Methionine (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
An essential sulfur amino acid, methionine is a powerful antioxidant and liver detoxifier -- where it assists in the normal detoxification processes. As an antioxidant, it provides powerful protection in the colon. Finally, methionine is involved in the synthesis of choline, adrenaline, lecithin, and B12, and it works as a powerful SAMe precursor.

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Lactase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Lactase digests milk sugar. Lactase deficiency is the most common and well-known form of carbohydrate intolerance. Lactase digests lactose milk sugar into glucose and galactose. Most mammals, including humans, have high intestinal lactase activity at birth. But, in many cases, this activity declines to low levels during childhood and remains low in adulthood. The low lactase levels cause incomplete digestion of milk and other foods containing lactose. It is estimated that approximately 70% of the world's population is deficient in intestinal lactase with more than one-third of the U.S. population presumed to be lactose intolerant and unable to digest dairy products. Supplemental lactase enzymes have been found to decrease the symptoms of lactose intolerance associated with the consumption of dairy foods.

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Licorice Root (found in Colon Detoxifier, Liver Flush Tea, Women's Formula)
Licorice root stimulates the production of digestive fluids and bile, soothes ulcers, helps reduce intestinal inflammation, and supports the healthy function of the kidneys, liver and bladder. Its action in soothing ulcers is unique. Rather than inhibit the release of acid, licorice stimulates the normal defense mechanisms that prevent ulcer formation. Specifically, licorice improves both the quality and quantity of the protective substances that line the intestinal tract; increases the life span of the intestinal cell; and improves blood supply to the intestinal lining.

Licorice has been shown to lessen symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. By enhancing cortisol activity, glycyrrhizin helps to increase energy, ease stress, and reduce the symptoms of ailments sensitive to cortisol levels, such as chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. In the 1800s, licorice extract was a common remedy for a type of persistent fatigue known as neurasthenia, the condition now known as chronic fatigue syndrome.

The phytoestrogens in licorice have a mild estrogenic effect, making the herb potentially useful in easing certain symptoms of PMS (premenstrual syndrome), such as irritability, bloating, and breast tenderness. Although the glycyrrhizin in licorice actually inhibits the effect of the body's own estrogens, the mild estrogenic effect produced by licorice's phytoestrogens manages to override this inhibiting action. In addition, the phytoestrogens in licorice may help to minimize menopausal symptoms by compensating somewhat for the natural decline in a woman's estrogen levels following menopause.

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Limonene Oil (pH Balanced) (found in Essential Relief, KGP Flush ™)
pH balanced limonene oil is extracted from orange peels, then double buffered with calcium to optimize its pH. Because of its dense electromagnetic field, pH balanced limonene is one of nature's most potent natural solvents -- and pain relievers.

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Lipase (found in pHi-Zymes, Digestive Enzymes)
Vegetarian sourced.

Lipase contributes to carbohydrate and fat digestive action. When added to a meal as a supplement, lipase digests dietary fat, relieving the gallbladder, liver and the pancreas, which would otherwise need to produce the required enzymes. Protein absorption from fatty foods such as fish or seeds can be improved by incorporating supplemental lipase enzymes in the diet.

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Liquid Ionic Zinc (found in Super ViraGon)
Like colloidal silver, liquid zinc is anti-bacterial and anti-viral, but without the potential toxicity issues found with silver. Zinc is found in all body fluids, including the moisture in the eyes, lungs, nose, urine, and saliva. Proper zinc levels offer a defense against the entrance of pathogens. In the 1800's, surgeons used zinc as an antiseptic/antibiotic after surgery; they noted its amazing healing properties. Wounds would heal, at times, as quickly as 24 hours after an operation, without swelling, and scarring was barely noticeable after a short period of time.

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Lutein (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
In addition to being a specific for the prevention of macular degeneration (lowering the risk by over 50%), lutein has also been shown to have strong anti-cancer properties. Its antioxidant effect is significantly enhanced by the presence of zeaxanthin, and bilberry. When combined with vitamin C, these three antioxidants have been shown to significantly decrease the risk of cataracts.

Lutein and another carotenoid called zeaxanthin are the most dominant pigments in the macular region of the retina. The antioxidant properties of lutein and zeaxanthin help maintain the integrity of the blood vessels that supply the macular region of the retina. Lutein and zeaxanthin provide protection from photo-oxidation, the result of light striking the fatty acids in the retina. It seems that lutein is particularly active against the blue part of the spectrum, which can be the most damaging to our eyes.

One study using lutein supplements resulted in a 15% increase in macular pigment levels after 72 days. In another study, people who consumed the equivalent of 6 mg of lutein per day were 40% less likely to experience macular problems. Another study using sets of identical twins demonstrated that macular lutein concentrations were related to dietary lutein. After consumption, lutein is found in significant quantities in blood serum, suggesting high bioavailability.

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Lycopene (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Derived primarily from tomatoes (cooked, not raw), lycopene appears to be one of the best defenses against prostate cancer and bladder cancer. When used in conjunction with vitamin E and green tea extract, studies indicate that it inhibits prostate cancer proliferation by some 90%. In addition, preliminary studies indicate that lycopene also appears to protect against cancer of the cervix, mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum.

And finally, lycopene and other carotenoids may also reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Malt Diastase (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Malt diastase, or maltase, digests complex and simple sugars. Maltase also breaks down unused glycogen in muscle tissue. Glycogen is a thick, sticky substance that is converted from sugars and starches and is stored in your muscle cells for future use. If stored glycogen continues to build up in the muscle tissues, it leads to progressive muscle weakness and degeneration.

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Mangosteen (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Mangosteen contains a unique group of antioxidants called xanthones. Xanthones, particularly beta and gamma mangostin, work to maintain the immune system, support cardiovascular health, optimize joint flexibility, are naturally antibiotic, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory, and are some of the most powerful antioxidants found in nature (over 14 times the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity of red raspberries). In addition, recent studies have confirmed that gamma mangostin is a potent COX inhibitor, an important factor in reducing inflammation, pain and fever.

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Marshmallow Root (found in Colon Detoxifier, KGP Flush ™)
The great demulcent and emollient properties of Marshmallow make it useful in inflammation and irritation of the alimentary canal, and of the urinary and respiratory organs. Marshmallow's mucilage content helps soothe inflamed tissues -- not only in the intestinal tract, but also in the lungs making it beneficial in cases of bronchitis and asthma. The active biochemicals in Marshmallow are large carbohydrate (sugar) molecules, which make up the mucilage. This smooth, slippery substance can soothe and protect irritated mucous membranes.

Marshmallow has been known to relieve indigestion, urinary tract infections, and even external skin wounds such as boils and abscesses. It is known to help ease the passage of kidney stones and is used in combination with other diuretic herbs for kidney treatments which assist in the release of gravel and stones. It works very well for urinary problems. Marshmallow also has factors which combine with and eliminate toxins, helping the body to cleanse. This makes marshmallow an excellent herb to add to other formulas to help neutralize toxins that are the causative factors of arthritis.

Marshmallow is also very soothing to any sore or inflamed part(s) of the body. As well as the urinary tract, this herb will soothe an irritated digestive tract and help with diarrhea or dysentery.

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Milk Thistle Seed (found in Liver Tincture)
For over 2,000 years Europeans have used milk thistle seeds as an herbal treatment for liver disorders. Animal experiments have shown that seed extracts are safe, even in large doses, with practically no side effects, as well as no embryo-toxic effect. There are no contradications or known side effects of concern. It can be safely used by a wide range of persons, including pregnant and lactating women, although it may have a mild, transient laxative effect for some people.

Double blind studies on the effect of milk thistle on toxic liver damage (mostly induced by alcohol), chronic liver disease and disease caused by certain drugs have been reviewed by medical experts. They concluded that basic lab and clinical data suggests milk thistle is a therapeutically useful medicinal plant product that stabilizes the cell membrane and stimulates protein synthesis, while accelerating the process of regeneration in damaged liver tissue, and that these effects are important in the therapeutic efficacy of milk thistle.

Over the past twenty+ years, intensive chemical, pharmacological, and clinical research has confirmed mechanisms of action and therapeutic value of milk thistle in a wide range of human liver disease, including toxic metabolic liver damage (such as fatty degeneration of the liver) and supportive treatment of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.

Literally hundreds of research studies, mostly in Europe, have confirmed the remarkable ability of milk thistle to protect the liver against virtually all types of damage: from accidental exposure to chemical pollutants, toxic side effects of medications, liver diseases like hepatitis and even the self inflicted damage from overindulgence of rich food and alcohol.

The United States National Library of Medicine has catalogued more than 300 scientific studies of milk thistle and its active compounds (the primary one being silymarin) in their medicine database.

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Mistletoe (found in Blood Support)
Mistletoe's use for treating cancer is so widespread in central Europe that it actually is estimated as many as 60 to 70 percent of cancer patients incorporate it into their therapy. Even now, the National Institutes of Health is recruiting patients for a study on mistletoe. According to the details of the study, "mistletoe lectin may slow the growth of cancer cells and be an effective treatment for solid tumors."

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Montmorillonite Clay (found in Colon Detoxifier)
Montmorillonite clay is a medicinal powdered clay derived from deposits of weathered volcanic ash. It is one of the most effective natural intestinal detoxifying agents known capable of absorbing up to 40 times its weight in fecal matter. It is also capable of absorbing a wide variety of toxins in the intestinal tract. Technically, the clay first absorbs toxins (heavy metals, free radicals, pesticides), attracting them to its extensive surface area where they adhere like flies to sticky paper; then it absorbs the toxins, taking them in the way a sponge mops up a kitchen counter mess.

According to the Canadian Journal of Microbiology (31 [1985], 50-53), montmorillonite can absorb pathogenic viruses, aflatoxin (a mold), and pesticides and herbicides including Paraquat and Roundup. The clay is eventually eliminated from the body with the toxins bound to its multiple surfaces.

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MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane) (found in Essential Relief)
MSM, also called "organic sulfur," is widely used around the world for relief of pain from arthritis, back pain or muscle pain. MSM is a close relative of DMSO.

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Mucuna Pruriens (found in Women's Formula)
Kapikachu (Mucuna Pruriens), heralded as an aphrodisiac in Ayurvedic herbal medicine, offers many benefits. It:

• Increases stamina and libido
• Acts as a restorative nutrient for the nervous system
• Increases blood circulation to the genitals
• Decreases symptoms of stress and anxiety
• Strengthen and tones the sexual glands
• Supports the healthy production of the sex hormones
• Releases bound up testosterone increasing level of bioavailable testosterone

In fact, by supporting healthy testosterone levels, you are supporting anabolic metabolism increasing your tendency to burn fat and to build muscle.

Plus, Kapikachu offers a natural way to replenish your supply of L-dopa the precursor to dopamine. Dopamine is often associated with pleasure, yet it plays a critical role in muscle control. Full-blown dopamine deficiency is known as Parkinson's disease. And that's not all, research shows mucuna extract is beneficial for reducing cholesterol, lowering blood sugar levels and enhancing mental alertness all without stimulating the central nervous system.

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Muira Puama (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
The benefits of treating impotence with muira puama have been studied in two human trials in France, which reported that muira puama was effective in improving libido and treating erectile dysfunction. In a Paris, France, study among 262 male patients who experienced lack of sexual desire and the inability to attain or maintain an erection, 62% of the patients with loss of libido reported that the extract of muira puama "had a dynamic effect," and 51% of patients with erectile dysfunction felt that muira puama was beneficial.

In a study of healthy women complaining of low sex drive, they were supplemented with an extract containing Muira puama. Various aspects of their sex life were rated before and after 1 month of treatment. Responses to self-assessment questionnaires showed significantly higher average total scores from baseline in 65% of the sample after taking the supplement.

In other recent clinical research, muira puama extracts have been reported to have in vivo adaptogenic, antifatigue, antistress, and CNS effects in humans and animals. Other studies show that it may play a role in reducing body fat percentage, "increasing lean muscle mass and lowering cholesterol" in humans and animals with long-term use (and with no toxicity noted).

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NAC (N-Acetyl-Cysteine)(found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
One of the keys to a healthy immune system is maintaining high levels of glutathione in the body. Unfortunately, supplementing with glutathione doesn't really help. Fortunately, there are alternatives. Supplementation with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) has been proven to substantially raise the body's glutathione levels. In addition, NAC supplementation is mandatory for all smokers and big-city dwellers as it protects against toxic aldehydes that enter the body through cigarette smoke and pollution.

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Nattokinase (found in pHi-Zymes)
Nattokinase is a potent fibrinolytic enzyme extracted and highly purified from a traditional soy-based Japanese food called Natto. Natto is a fermented cheese-like food that has been used in Japan for over 1000 years for its popular taste and as a folk remedy for heart and vascular diseases. While other soy foods contain enzymes, it is only the natto preparation that contains the specific nattokinase enzyme.

What makes nattokinase particularly potent is that it enhances the body's natural ability to fight blood clots in several different ways; because it so closely resembles plasmin, it dissolves fibrin directly. In addition, it also enhances the body's production of both plasmin and other clot-dissolving agents, including urokinase (endogenous).

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Natural Menthol Crystals (found in Essential Relief)
Menthol, which comes from peppermint, is recognized for its pain relief capabilities. Menthol increases blood circulation and cools painful afflicted areas.

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Nettles (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
Nettles, or urtica dioica, is an herbal extract of nettle root that has been used in Germany for more than a decade to treat enlarged prostates and has been shown to reduce symptoms by 86% after 3 months of use. Urtica does this by inhibiting the binding of a testosterone-related protein to receptor sites on prostate cell membranes. Nettle is particularly effective when used in combination with saw palmetto. Whereas saw palmetto protects against prostate enlargement caused by DHT, nettle root is required to inhibit the proliferation of prostate cells in response to estrogen and SHBG.

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Noni Powder (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
The active biochemical in noni powder, proxeronine, is readily converted in the body to xeronine, an alkaloid, which is present, and necessary, in virtually every cell in the body. Raising the levels of xeronine to optimum levels can produce profound health effects, and noni appears unique in its ability to accomplish this. It also appears unique in its ability to trigger the release of nitric oxide from the body's cells. Nitric oxide is a key component in optimizing blood pressure, alleviating erectile dysfunction, and in fighting viral, bacterial and parasitic infections, and tumors. It's also associated with optimizing learning, memory, sleeping, and reducing the pain associated with inflammation and/or rheumatoid arthritis.

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Nopal Cactus (found in Private Reserve Superfood, Glucotor v.2)
Nopal is native to the southwestern desert regions of the United States and Mexico, and has a whole range of health benefits (all proven in numerous studies, both animal and human). These include the ability to:

• Lower blood sugar levels by blocking absorption of sugar in the intestinal tract
• Lower overall cholesterol levels, improve the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol, and lower triglycerides by preventing the conversion of blood sugar into fat and by eliminating excess bile acids, which would ultimately be converted into cholesterol
• Lower blood pressure
• Induce weight-loss by curbing appetite and facilitating the breakdown and excretion of fat
• Prevent ulcers
• Support the liver and pancreas as demonstrated by improved liver function and increased insulin production over time
• Block the absorption of fat
• Cleanse the bladder and lymphatic systems

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Oat Grass (found in Accelerator)
Oat grass has a relaxing and stimulating action that nourishes and strengthens the nervous system, and has been shown to be helpful for arthritis, rheumatism, stress, depression, debility, exhaustion, nerve tremors, epilepsy, convalescence, palpitations, nervous headache, nervous stomach, nervous breakdown, cholesterol levels, herpes, and menopause symptoms. Oat grass is also used for: thyroid and estrogen deficiency, for degenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis and for colds, especially if recurrent or persistent.

Green oat grass (the grass before it matures into oat straw), like other grasses, is rich in vitamins including A, B, C, E, K and pantothenic acid and minerals, including iron (39mg/Kg dry weight), manganese (8.5mg) and zinc (19.2mg), silicon dioxide (2%), calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium. As such, green oat grass juice can be used to treat avitaminosis. Oat grass is rich in protein, approximately 30%, and contains all the essential amino acids along with chlorophyll, flavonoids, lecithin and enzymes. This abundance of nutrients has made oat grass a popular tonic for treating debility of convalescence when taken as a juice. Oat grass is also extremely rich in antioxidants, including polyphenols and one powerful antioxidant called tricin, a flavone compound, that exerts smooth muscle relaxing properties, making it beneficial in gastro-intestinal cramping. Green oats are also high in beta-glucan, which helps stimulate immune functions.

And, due to its ability to release bound testosterone, green oats has a profound sexual enhancing ability.

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Olive Leaf Extract (found in Super ViraGon)
Olive leaf extract has a long history of being used against illnesses in which microorganisms play a major role. In more recent years, a drug company discovered that in vitro (test tube) an extract from olive leaf (calcium elenolate) was effective in eliminating a very broad range of organisms, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and yeast/mold/fungus.

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Olive Oil (found in Essential Relief)
The major components of the "unsaponifiable fraction" of virgin olive oil (erythrodiol, sitosterol, and squalene), as well as of the phenolic compounds from the "polar fraction" (oleuropein, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and caffeic acid) have demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects in a number of major studies.

It has been used as a base in liniments and salves for centuries, and it enhances and promotes skin healing and aids in damaged tissue repair.

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Onion (found in Super ViraGon)
Everything that's been said about garlic can be said about onion. Onions and garlic share many of the same powerful sulfur bearing compounds that work so effectively as anti-viral and anti-bacterial agents.

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OPCs (Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins) (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Similar to green tea, the active ingredients in grape seed extract are the oligomeric proanthocyanidins (but in a different combination and ratio). The importance of the proanthocyanidins in grape seed extract is that they are water soluble and highly bio-available.

Above all else, grape seed extract is known as a defender of the circulatory system. It improves peripheral circulation, revives declining capillary activity by up to 140%, and increases vascular response by some 82%. It repairs varicose veins and aids in the prevention of bruising.

In addition, grape seed extract is synergistic with vitamin C, vastly increasing vitamin C activity and strengthening collagen activity -- including in the connective tissue of the arterial wall and the skin.

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins clearly possess remarkable antioxidant properties. Their effects on reducing free radical damage and oxidative stress suggest that they may be particularly effective in reducing the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and a number of the chronic diseases associated with aging. Although the majority of the studies conducted on OPCs have been done in cell culture (test tube) and animals, the results are extremely promising.

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Orange Peel (found in KGP Flush ™)
Limonene and flavonoids found in orange peel seem to have anti-carcinogenic properties. They can block the carcinogenesis by acting as a blocking agent. Studies have shown that limonin and limonene can induce the enzyme activity of glutathione S-transferase, which is an important detoxifying enzyme. In addition, orange peel has antiseptic, bactericidal, and fungicidal properties.

Orange peel also is high in bioflavonoids and delivers relief from occasional heartburn, acid indigestion, and upset stomach. In addition, orange peel also has diuretic properties.

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Oregon Grape Root (found in Liver Tincture, Blood Support)
Oregon grape root is frequently used by herbalists as a blood cleanser and to stimulate the liver and gallbladder. In addition, Oregon grape root is used as a mild laxative.

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Papain (found in pHi-Zymes)
Papain is one of the most widely used proteolytic enzymes, belonging to the thiol protease group. It possesses a very powerful digestive action superior to pepsin and pancreatin. Changes in intestinal alkalinity or acidity do not interfere with the unique digestive activity of papain.

Papain, one of the most powerful plant proteolytic enzymes, is a catalytic agent that will act in protein digestion in an acid, alkaline, or neutral medium. This is of vital importance for those with enzyme deficiency problems, as well as for those with low hydrochloric acid output in the stomach. It is important to understand that pepsin produced in the stomach to aid in protein digestion is activated only in an acid medium. This requires a healthy output of hydrochloric acid that is insufficient in most people. Since papain does not require hydrochloric acid, many people with digestive problems will be helped by daily supplementation with papain.

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Parsley Root (found in Liver Flush Tea, KGP Flush ™)
Parsley root is also listed in the German Commission E (an advisory panel on herbal medicines) Monographs as a diuretic for treating and preventing urinary tract conditions and urinary tract gravel. It also is traditionally used as an expectorant and treatment for bronchial cough, as well as for treating bone and joint complaints.

It restores digestion, supports the liver, kidneys and adrenal glands, purifies blood and body fluids, helps the body's defensive mechanisms and chokes negative bacteria. It is a great immune booster.

It enriches the spleen, stomach, and liver and benefits the kidneys, uterus, and adrenal glands.

An important diuretic, parsley root also helps clear uric acid from the urinary tract and helps dissolve and expel gallstones and gravel - and prevent their future formation. It also inhibits the secretion of histamine and is therefore useful in treating hives and relieving other allergy symptoms. A decoction of parsley root can help eliminate bloating and reduce weight by eliminating excess water gain.

Note: the German Commission E also approved parsley for use in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.

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Pau d'arco (found in Colon Detoxifier, Immunify)
Pau d'arco (Tabebuia heptophylla) comes from the rain forests of Brazil and other areas of South America. This amazing herb nourishes the body's defense system and helps protect against pathogenic organisms. It has been used for centuries to improve immune function, detoxify, and reduce pain throughout the body-especially in the joints. Research has shown that it contains a natural antibacterial agent, has a healing effect on the entire body, cleanses the blood, and kills viruses.

Pau d'arco has been used as a treatment for AIDS, allergies, all infections and inflammations, anemia, asthma, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, as a blood builder, bronchitis, all types of cancer, candidiasis, colitis, cystitis, smoker's cough, diabetes, eczema, fistulas, gastritis, gonorrhea, hemorrhages, hernias, Hodgkin's disease, liver disease, leukemia, lupus, multiple sclerosis, osteomyelitis, Parkinson's disease, polyps, prostatitis, psoriasis, rheumatism, skin cancer, skin sores, spleen infections, snake bites, ulcers, varicose veins, warts, and plain old wounds.

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Peppermint (found in KGP Flush ™)
Peppermint has a relaxing effect on the muscles of the digestive and urinary system. It is useful for treating spasm problems in the urinary tract. It also has strong antibacterial and anti-fungal properties which help rid the kidneys of bacteria.

Three double-blind trials found that enteric-coated peppermint oil reduced the pain associated with intestinal spasms, commonly experienced in IBS.

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Picrorhiza Kurooa (found in Liver Tincture)
Picrorhiza has been shown to protect liver cells from the many degenerative changes that would normally be caused by a variety of liver toxins. It appears to be particularly useful in treating both alcoholic liver damage and chronic viral hepatitis. Picrorhiza increases bile production in the liver, according to rat studies. It has also been shown to protect animals from damage by several potent liver toxins, offering protection as good as or better than silymarin (the flavonoids found in milk thistle).

The major constituents in picrorhiza are the glycosides picroside I, kutkoside, androsin, and apocynin. They have been shown in animal studies to be antiallergic, to inhibit platelet-activating factor (an important pro-inflammatory molecule), and to decrease joint inflammation. And, according to test tube and animal studies, picrorhiza has antioxidant actions, particularly in the liver.

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Pizzey's Beverage Grade Flax (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Pizzey's Beverage Grade Flax is one of the richest sources of valuable omega-3 fatty acids, with 57% of its fat being omega-3's -- the equivalent of a 10 oz serving of fresh wild salmon in every 10 grams. The problem with using pre-ground flax, however, is that it normally begins to oxidize and go rancid within minutes of being ground and exposed to oxygen and light. As it turns out though, one of the primary triggers for going rancid is the presence of dark flax seeds. Because Pizzey removes all dark seeds before grinding, their ground flax is stable for almost 2 years, without having to reduce the amount of Omega-3 fatty acids in the flax (the solution used by most other manufacturers). In addition, Pizzey offers a super fine grind specifically for use in beverages that mixes beautifully and helps give a wonderful creamy texture to the drink. Benefits of regular flax consumption include:

• The omega-3's fatty acids in flax have been proven to lower high blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels by as much as 25% and 65% respectively. They are necessary for proper eyesight, healthy skin, sperm formulation, brain development, and adrenal function. And they also decrease the probability of blood clots blocking an artery.
• Omega-3's also lower high blood pressure and help to decrease allergic responses in the body and help reduce all forms of inflammation in the body.
• In addition, omega-3 fatty acids lower the insulin requirement of diabetics and have been used in the treatment and prevention of arthritis.
• In clinical studies, Omega-3's have been shown to dissolve tumors, with over 1000 documented cases of successful cancer treatment.
• Flaxseed is one of the richest sources of lignans, a type of beneficial phytoestrogen. In fact, flax provides 75 - 800 times more plant lignans than virtually any other known plant source. These lignans have anti-tumor properties, and studies have shown that they might be extremely beneficial in preventing and possibly reversing breast cancer.
• Flaxseed contains approximately 28% soluble and insoluble dietary fiber, with about 30 - 40% of the total being soluble. Research has shown that fiber lowers cholesterol, modulates glucose, improves gastro-intestinal function and reduces the risk of colon cancer. Sufficient fiber in the diet is vital to good health. The average American only consumes about 8.75 grams of fiber per day, but to prevent colon and breast cancer and aid in the prevention of coronary disease, you need between 25-30 grams of fiber a day.
• And finally, since flaxseed contains all of the essential amino acids, it is a good source of complete protein.

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Plantarum (found in Probiotics)
L. plantarum has the ability to eliminate thousands of species of pathogenic bacteria. Plantarum also has extremely high adherence potential for epithelial tissue and seems to favor colonizing the same areas of the intestinal tract that E. coli prefers-in effect, serving to crowd E. coli out of the body. At one time, plantarum was a major part of our diets (found in sourdough bread, sauerkraut, etc.), but is now virtually nowhere to be found.

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Poke Root (found in Blood Support)
Pokeroot and Yellow dock root are both powerful blood cleansers and lymph cleansers, inciting and increasing the action of lymph glands throughout the entire body. Not surprisingly, both herbs are staples of many traditional herbal anti-cancer formulas.

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Pomegranate (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
In the past few years, studies of pomegranates have shown components that inhibit skin cancer, breast cancer, high blood pressure and atherosclerosis. Pomegranate juice is an antioxidant powerhouse, packed with both the polyphenols that have made red wine and green tea famous and the ellagitannins that have made red raspberries one of the hottest food items in the anti-cancer arsenal. According to an article in the Journal of Clinical Nutrition, people who drank just 2 ounces of pomegranate juice a day for a week increased antioxidant activity by some 9 percent. Supplementation with pomegranate extract makes sense if you are looking at cancer prevention, maintaining a healthy heart, reducing bad cholesterol, lowering blood pressure, and protecting against free radicals and aging.

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Protease (found in Digestive Enzymes)
Protease enzymes digest protein. Taking protease enzymes with meals spares the natural pool of protease enzymes circulating in the blood so that they can continue to breakdown and destroy unwanted fungi, bacteria and viruses in the bloodstream.

Fungal protease and Fungal pancreatin are names for particular strains of protease enzymes that are optimized for different pH levels. This is important as pH levels change as you move through the digestive tract. By using strains optimized for different pH's, you are assured that the proteolytic process is optimized through the entire digestive process.

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Psyllium Seeds and Husks (found in Colon Corrective)
Rich in soluble fiber, psyllium seeds and their husks have long been used to ease constipation and digestive system upset. A number of studies suggest that psyllium may also be effective in lowering cholesterol, promoting weight loss (it makes you feel full), and aiding numerous other conditions.

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Quercetin(found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Quercetin is one of the class of antioxidants known as bioflavonoids. A prime role of quercetin is to protect the integrity of cell walls from free radical damage. In addition, quercetin prevents the release of histamines into the bloodstream, thereby helping to control food and pollen allergies.

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Red Clover (found in Blood Support)
Red Clover has a long history of use as a medicinal herb. It's an excellent blood purifier that over time gradually cleanses the bloodstream and corrects deficiencies in the circulatory system. But among classic herbalists, it is probably best known as one of the best herbs for treating all varieties of cancer -- anywhere in the body -- and is found as a central ingredient in many anticancer formulas, including the Hoxsey formula, Jason Winter's tea, and Essiac tea.

Not surprisingly, most doctors, the FDA and many "new-school" herbalists have dismissed red clover as useless in dealing with cancer. However, researchers at the National Cancer Institute have indeed found anti-tumor properties in red clover. Genistein, a biochemical in red clover has the ability to prevent tumors from developing the blood supplies they need to survive - thus starving them and killing them.

As it turns out, genistein is the same biochemical considered to be the main active ingredient in soy. But red clover has a significant advantage over soy. It contains not just genistein, but significant levels (about ten times that found in soy) of all four main estrogenic isoflavones, including daidzein and genistein. In addition to isoflavones, red clover contains another class of anti-cancer phytoestrogen compounds called coumestans -- in the form of biochanin and formononetin. Consuming red clover isoflavones results in higher blood levels of daidzein and genistein, moderate blood levels of biochanin, and low levels of formononetin - at about the same profile seen in the blood of vegetarians who consume a variety of legumes.

Note: Soy consumption, unlike red clove consumption, does not result in any increase in biochanin or formononetin in the blood.

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Resveratrol (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
For several years, grape seed extract was all the rage. As it turns out, grape SKIN contains its own powerful phytoalexin antioxidant called resveratrol. In controlled studies, resveratrol has been shown to reduce skin-cancer tumors by up to 98% and to stop production of leukemia cells. In addition, it works as a Cox inhibitor, thus halting the spread of cancer throughout the body. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring antioxidant that decreases the "stickiness" of blood platelets and helps blood vessels to remain open.

In addition, resveratrol appears to have estrogen-like properties, and may be helpful in the treatment of breast diseases. Also, studies indicate that resveratrol can profoundly inhibit glucose uptake in HL-60 and U937 cells. Thus, resveratrol may prevent or abate metabolic disorders such as obesity and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus type 2.

And finally, on August 25, 2003, the results of a study were released that showed resveratrol extended the life span of yeast cells by 70% by activating a "longevity gene" expressed during caloric restriction. Since mammals have the same "longevity gene" and since caloric restriction is known to extend the lifespan of mammals, scientists speculated humans might be able to receive the longevity benefits of caloric restriction simply by supplementing with resveratrol.

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Rhamnosus (found in Probiotics)
L. rhamnosus is a powerful immune stimulator. It can increase the natural killing activity of spleen cells, which may help to prevent tumor formation. It boosts the ability of the body to destroy foreign invaders and other harmful matter by three times normal activity; and rhamnosus has been shown to increase circulating antibody levels by six to eight times.

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Rutin (found in pHi-Zymes)
Rutin is a flavonol, a subclass of the bioflavonoids. Rutin's main benefits are that it helps strengthen capillaries and is particularly useful for those who bruise or bleed easily.

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Salivarius (found in Probiotics)

L. salivarius helps digest foods in the intestinal tract and makes vital nutrients more assimilable. It also works to eat away encrusted fecal matter throughout the entire colon; it helps repair the intestinal tract by providing needed enzymes and essential nutrients; and it adheres to the intestinal wall, thereby forming a living matrix that helps protect the mucosal lining.

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Sarsaparilla (found in Women's Formula)
Sarsaparilla (Smilax ornata) has diuretic and restorative properties and may help in the treatment of congestive heart failure, high blood pressure, PMS, urinary problems, impotence, hives, infertility, nervous system disorders, swelling and discomfort from rheumatism and arthritis. Sarsaparilla also helps with skin problems including psoriasis, acne, rashes, and hives, syphilis, is also considered a male aphrodisiac, increases energy, and may enhance physical performance.

Sarsaparilla is a valuable herb with many uses. Its most important use is in glandular balance. It contains important natural hormones for men and women alike. Sarsaparilla helps with the following: testosterone and progesterone, helping hair to grow, and especially of great value in hormone regulation in both men and women, hot flashes, sexual problems, and impotence. It can be used as a natural steroid for the production of testosterone, being of help for both sexes in body building.

Sarsaparilla helps relieve inflammation; it is an excellent blood purifier and is used as a treatment for liver problems and skin disorders. Sarsaparilla relieves gas and increases the flow of urine. Many people see a dramatic increase in sexual desire. It thus qualifies as an aphrodisiac and libido booster. It can also increase the metabolism and helps breathing. It is also used as a treatment for various skin ailments, urinary problems, and to help maintain one's youth and energy.

And finally, sarsaparilla has been shown to be extremely beneficial for psoriasis sufferers. In one study, a group of 75 sufferers were given sarsaparilla tablets and 62% reported noticeable improvements. (New Eng J.Med 1942, 227,128)

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Saw Palmetto (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
In addition to helping to free up bound testosterone, saw palmetto has been proven to help the prostate in two additional ways. First, it inhibits the 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, which causes testosterone to be converted into a substance called dihydrotestosterone, which stimulates the growth of prostate tissue. And second, saw palmetto has been proven to exert an anti-inflammatory effect on prostate tissue.

Saw palmetto for women? Absolutely.

Among other things, by helping to reduce dihydrotestosterone levels, saw palmetto can reduce the amount of excess hair growing where you don't want it (face, legs, etc.) and promoting hair growth where you do want it, on your head.

In addition, studies have shown that saw palmetto contains compounds that directly inhibit inflammation.

And finally, aging muscles also tend to lose suppleness and vigor. When saw palmetto is used regularly, muscles plump up.

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Selenium (as Methylselenocysteine) (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Food sources provide selenium in either an inorganic form (selenite or selenate) or in an organic form where it displaces sulfur in methionine or cysteine. The organic forms are far more absorbable and display no toxicity.

Selenium is a component of glutathione peroxidases which are primarily responsible for reducing peroxide free radicals that include lipid peroxide formation in cell membranes. Reduction of peroxides breaks the auto-oxidative chain reaction that damages cell membranes. Selenium is synergistic with glutathione and catalase in helping to protect the integrity of cell membranes. It stops the growth of tumors, and it protects the liver.

Specifically, low levels of selenium have been connected to death from heart disease, breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, and in fact cancer of all kinds. Some studies have shown that selenium may be 50-100 times more powerful than any other anti-carcinogen known.

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Senna (found in Colon Corrective)
Senna is widely accepted as a stool softener and a short-term treatment for constipation. Senna leaf is approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) for short-term use in occasional constipation. Senna is also approved in the United States and in European countries as an ingredient in over-the-counter and prescription laxative preparations. The herb is approved by the German government for any condition in which alleviating constipation or softening stools is desirable. Senna may be recommended for people with hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or those undergoing surgery involving the abdomen, anus, or rectum. Senna may also be used to clear the bowel in order to improve the visibility of abdominal organs during an ultrasound procedure.

Senna contains naturally occurring chemicals called anthraquinone glycosides. They are strong stimulant laxatives that soften stools and increase muscle contractions of intestine, thereby increasing bowel movements. Senna usually starts to work in three to nine hours. Anthraquinone laxatives, such as senna, work in two ways. First, they help relieve constipation by increasing the amount of water and electrolytes in the intestine. They also work by stimulating contractions of the colon muscles, which help to accelerate the passage of stool. Senna is considered among the strongest of the anthraquinone laxatives. Its effectiveness as a purgative has been supported by centuries of anecdotal reports as well as modern human and animal studies.

Special Note
There are rumors circulating about that Cascara sagrada and Senna might be dangerous. Virtually all of the complaints center around a single incident several years ago where a healthy person in their 30's used something called Super Dieter's Tea (a senna based drink) to lose weight. She died for no apparent reason and the doctor's said it must have been the senna in the tea.

First of all, there is no proof that the senna was responsible. It was merely an assumption made by the doctors. The argument was that it disrupted her electrolyte balance. In her situation, it may have. If you use Senna or Cascara sagrada, not as an aid to proper bowel movements (as we do), but as a purgative to stop from absorbing calories (as in Super Dieter's Tea), you will end up passing a lot of electrolytes -- but unlikely enough to affect the heart.

The bottom line is that it is unlikely the senna was responsible, and on top of that, we don't use nearly the amount of senna consumed in Super Dieter's Tea. In the Colon corrective, it is merely a stimulant to proper colon function. No one has ever suffered a problem from it when used in that regard.

The other claim sometimes made about Senna and Cascara sagrada is that you become dependent on them to have a bowel movement. The evidence does not bear that out. Tens of thousands of people who did not have regular bowel movements before using Jon Barron's colon stimulating formulas, have gone on his formulas (or formulas like them) have stayed on them for a number of months to build up colon function, and then weaned themselves off. The net result is that their colons are stronger and working better than before they started on the program.

Note: both Senna and Cascara Sagrada can cause temporary staining of the lining of the large intestine, a condition doctors have labeled melanosis coli -- which produces no other symptoms or problems and goes away in time.

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Sheep Sorrel (found in Blood Support)
Rene Caisse, who popularized Essiac tea as a cancer cure, felt sheep sorrel was the most active cancer fighter among all the herbs present in her formula. That viewpoint was seconded by Dr. Chester Stock at Sloan-Kettering in New York. Dr. Stock studied sheep sorrel for over three years. His conclusion was that sheep sorrel was found to be responsible for the destruction of cancer cells in the body and their amalgamation where metastasized cancer cells may actually return to the original tumor site.

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Siberian Ginseng (found in Women's Formula)
Eleutherococcus, also known as Siberian Ginseng is of a different family from Panax (American, Korean, Chinese, Asian) Ginseng - and has some similar and some different characteristics, though all are referred to as Ginseng.

It strengthens the adrenal and reproductive glands. Enhances immune function, promotes lung functioning and stimulates the appetite. It is useful for bronchitis, circulatory problems, diabetes, infertility, lack of energy, and stress, and it is used by athletes for overall body strengthening. In fact, athletes have experienced as much as a 9% improvement in stamina when taking Siberian ginseng.

Siberian ginseng is most effective in the treatment of prolonged exhaustion and debility, resulting from overwork and long-term stress. The herb also stimulates immune resistance and can be taken in convalescence to aid recovery from chronic illness. As a general tonic, Siberian ginseng helps both to prevent infection and to maintain well-being. It is also used in treatments for impotence.

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Slippery Elm Bark (found in Colon Detoxifier)
The primary chemical constituents of slippery elm are mucilage (galactose), starch, tannins, calcium, vanadium, and zinc. The herb works with the body to draw out impurities and toxins, assisting with the healing of all body parts. And slippery elm's coating action soothes the irritated tissues of the intestines, colon, urinary tract, and stomach ulcers.

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SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) works along with glutathione to neutralize reactive oxygen molecules in the body. SOD specifically targets the superoxide radical, which, as we discussed earlier, attacks cell mitochondria. When mitochondria are destroyed, the cell loses its ability to convert food to energy. It dies. SOD also works in the cytoplasm of the cell to prevent the hydroxyl radical from attacking enzymes, proteins, and the unsaturated fats in cell membranes.

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Spirulina (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Spirulina is a blue-green algae containing complete, balanced protein and a wide range of valuable nutrients. Spirulina is approximately 70% easily digestible protein and contains 18 out of 22 amino acids, including all of the essential amino acids, making it a great vegetarian source of complete protein. Even better, spirulina protein is 95% digestible compared to meat sources, which may be only 20% digestible. In addition, spirulina is an excellent source of B vitamins, vitamin E, highly bioavailable iron, and 14 naturally chelated minerals and numerous trace elements.

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St. Johns Wort Oil (found in Essential Relief)
St. John's wort helps relieve nerve-related pain such as sciatica, and neuralgia. In addition, St. John's wort also helps with arthritis, and rheumatic pains.

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Stabilized Rice Bran (found in Accelerator, Private Reserve Superfood)
Stabilized rice bran is one of the world's great superfoods. It's high in fiber, obviously, but also high in protein and is one of the premier sources of antioxidants. Major health components of stabilized rice bran include:

• Hypoallergenic protein with all essential amino acids
• High quality fat with all the essential fatty acids. In addition, of the total fat per serving, 38% is omega-6 and 2% of the total fat is omega-3 fatty acids
• Rich in E complex vitamins (contains the highest natural source of tocopherols and tocotrienols in nature)
• Rich in B complex vitamins
• IP6 (inositol hexaphosphate)
• The only source of Gamma-Oryzanol in nature
• Minerals (including high amounts of potassium, magnesium and manganese) and trace minerals
• Polyphenols, phytosterols, and sterolins (high quantities of Beta-sitosterol and Beta-sitosterolin)
• Mixed carotenoids, including lutein and zeaxanthin
• Dimethylglycine (DMG)
• Trimethylglycine (TMG)
• Lecithin (phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine)
• Ferulic Acid
• CoQ10
• Squalene
• Alpha Lipoic Acid

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Stevia (found in Accelerator, Private Reserve Superfood)
Whether in dry-leaf or concentrate form, stevia has the wonderful ability to help the body regulate blood sugar. Several researchers have reported that, in these natural forms, stevia seems to correct both high and low blood sugar. Other scientists have stated that stevia appears to lower blood pressure, but does not seem to affect normal blood pressure.

Research has also demonstrated that stevia inhibits the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria and other infectious organisms, including the bacteria that cause gum disease and tooth decay, and in many countries it is used in oral-hygiene products. This ability of stevia to destroy infectious organisms may help explain why stevia users report a lower incidence of colds and flu.

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Suma (found in Immunify)
Natives of the Amazon jungle have used Suma for at least the last 300 years. It wasn't until 1975, however, that Suma was introduced to the 20th century and tested at the University of So Paulo, Brazil.

The studies, conducted by Dr. Milton Brazzach, concluded that although it was not a cure, it nevertheless brought significant relief for cancer, diabetes, and gout sufferers -- with no undesirable side effects.

Since then, studies at the American College of the Healing Arts by Dr. Michael Tierra, author of The Way of Herbs, indicated that consistent use of Suma may help combat fatigue (including treatment of chronic fatigue and low energy conditions), prevent colds and flus, speed healing, regulate blood sugar, and stimulate the sex drive.

The key working ingredients in Suma are:

• Pfaffic acid, which prevents the spread of various cells disorders.
• Pfaffocides and other saponins, which help stop diseases already in progress.
• The plant hormones sitosterol and stigmasterol, which prevent cholesterol absorption and improve blood circulation.
• Alantoin, which helps accelerate healing.
• And most important of all: Germanium. Suma has one of the highest concentrations of Ge-132 of any plant in existence.

What's the big deal with Ge-132? It was actually discovered about 20 years ago by a Japanese research chemist named Kazuhiko Asai. It's full name is bis-Carboxyethylgermanium Ses- quioxide (or Germanium Sesquioxide, for short).

According to studies by Dr. Parris M. Kidd, "This substance, while free of major side effects, can apparently invigorate, rejuvenate, restore sexual function, protect against miscarriages during pregnancy, heal burns without scarring, cure radiation sickness, restore eyesight and hearing, kill the pain of advanced cancer, and shrink cancers within weeks. Circulatory disorders, including heart attacks, angina pectoris, stroke, and peripheral impairments responsd well to Ge-132, as do hepatitis and cirrhosis and several behavior disorders."

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Terminalia Chebula (found in Colon Corrective)
Terminalia chebula is called the "king of medicines" in Tibet and is one of the prime Ayurvedic herbs from India because of its extraordinary healing powers. In Ayurvedic medicine, it is considered to destroy all diseases and eliminate all waste from the body. At the same time, it is known to promote tissue growth and health. Traditionally, it is used to relieve constipation, treat digestive diseases, urinary diseases, diabetes, skin diseases, parasitic infections, heart diseases, irregular fevers, flatulence, ulcers, vomiting, colic pain, and hemorrhoids.

Modern research has found that Terminalia has a strong effect against the herpes simplex virus HSV, has antibacterial activity, and exhibits strong cardio tonic properties. It also has antioxidant components, which indicates it can increase the life of tissues. Yet another study shows the anti-tumor activity of Terminalia and another study shows that it has considerable effect in inhibiting the HIV virus which ultimately results in AIDS.

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Thermophilus (found in Probiotics)
Thermophilus is commonly used to manufacture yogurt, and research indicates that the high level of lactase enzyme activity of Streptococcus thermophilus makes it the most effective probiotic for improving lactose digestion in the intestinal tract. Other research suggests that it can improve the nutritional value of foods by making their micronutrients more readily available to the human body.

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Tocotrienols (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Derived from rice bran or palm oil, tocotrienols are a unique vitamin E fraction that is 40 times more powerful than standard vitamin E. Tocotrienols are rich in the gamma tocopherol fraction of vitamin E that strongly inhibits both the estrogen-responsive and the non-estrogen responsive breast cancer cells. Specifically, tocotrienols can:

• Reduce cholesterol
• Reverse arteriosclerosis
• Protect against heart injury
• Inhibit blood platlet aggregation
• Suppress cancer and tumors
• Work as a sugar antioxidant
• Inhibit the appearance of aging
• Lower Blood Pressure

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Tribulus Terrestris (Puncture Weed) (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
Tribulus terrestris has been used by weight lifters for years, especially during the last 10 days prior to competition. Active components are plant steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and glycosides. Tribulus has been shown in at least one study to increase levels of testosterone, lutenizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and steroids without any harmful side effects. Some may find increased stamina beneficial for developing muscle size and strength.

In women, it increases libido, improves ovulation effect, decreases vasomotor symptoms accompanying menopause, reduces apathy and aggressiveness. One study showed a 98% reduction of menopausal symptoms. This study showed that Puncture weed was equivalent or better than estrogen/testosterone hormonal preparation Ambosex, without adverse side effects such as virilization and weight gain.

Other positive changes observed in a number of cases were a reduction of cholesterol and positive psychological effects such as improved mood and increased self-confidence. No adverse effects were noted in any of the clinical studies. Additional research using animals demonstrated no adverse effects on the central nervous or cardiovascular systems. Administration of Tribulus had a mild diuretic effect in several cases in the human trials.

Puncture weed has long been used in Asia as a stimulant to help treat sexual "deficiency."

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UC-II ® (Type II Chicken Collagen) (found in Triple Jointed)
UC-II is extracted from chicken sternum cartilage using a patented, low-temperature process that ensures the undenatured biological activity of the type II collagen even when exposed to digestive juices for 90 minutes or more. Undenatured collagen administered orally works with the immune system to promote healthy joints by a process called oral tolerization. This process helps the body differentiate between foreign invaders, such as bacteria, and elements that are good for the body, such as nutrients and cartilage. In the case of UC-II, small amounts (typically around 10 milligrams) taken orally have been shown to correct a faulty immune response specifically targeted at the type II collagen present in bone joint cartilage - in effect, modulating the body's immune response so it works correctly once again.

Most type II chicken collagen sold in dietary supplements is denatured, or hydrolyzed, which is another way of saying that the chemicals and high-heat used to process and refine it have changed its molecular configuration. This does not make it useless. Hydrolzyed type II chicken collagen still has great value as a source of some of the components of aggrecan including type II collagen itself, hyaluronic acid, chondrotin and glucosamine. However, one significant thing does change in the process of denaturing; when denatured, type II chicken collagen loses its immunomodulating ability. Type II collagen must be in its native (undenatured) form, such as UC-II to be effective in this capacity.

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Uva Ursi (found in Liver Flush Tea, KGP Flush ™)
Uva ursi contains a compound called arbutin which has the ability to drain excess water from cells, promoting an antiseptic effect on the kidneys. In the urinary tract, the arbutin in Uva Ursi is chemically transformed into an antiseptic chemical, hydroquinone. Uva ursi also contains diuretic chemicals, including ursolic acid, powerful astringents, and a chemical, allatoin, that helps promote the growth of healthy new cells. Uva Ursi may help with bladder infections, cystitis, diabetes, nephritis, water retention, liver ailments and chronic diarrhea.

During its excretion arbutin produces an antiseptic effect on the urinary mucous membrane and can therefore help eliminate urinary tract infections. Tannic acid is also contained in the leaves. This herb also helps to keep the pH balance of urine from being too acid. It actually strengthens the lining of the urinary tract and helps to relieve any inflammation in the system. It has a direct sedative effect on the bladder walls. Allantoin, also found in Uva Ursi spurs the healing of wounds. For chronic inflammation of the bladder or kidneys Uva Ursi had no equal. Two studies report that urine from individuals given uva ursi is active against the most commonly involved bacteria in bladder and urinary tract infection.

This study supports the results of a double blind study of 57 women with recurrent cystitis. After one year, the placebo group had 20% incidence of recurring cystitis, whereas the uva ursi group had no recurring infection.

In addition it has anti-lithic properties that help in dissolving crystals not just in the kidneys, but throughout the body as well. It has, therefore, been used for arthritis and other painful joint problems.

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Vitamin A(found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Carotenoids are phytonutrients that protect plants from damage caused by UV radiation and other environmental factors. In humans, they have been shown to inhibit the proliferation of various types of cancer cells such as those affecting the lungs, stomach, cervix, breast, bladder, and mouth. They also have been proven to protect against atherosclerosis, cataracts, macular degeneration and other major degenerative disorders. The key carotenoids are: beta carotene, alpha carotene, lycopene, and zeaxanthin.

Probably the best known of the carotenoids, beta carotene is converted by the body into vitamin A as needed to strengthen the immune system and promote healthy cell growth. In addition, beta carotene is a potent antioxidant, offering particular benefits to the immune system and the lungs. (Note: synthetic beta carotene, made from acetylene gas is to be avoided. As a side note, synthetic beta carotene was used in the studies that produced negative results when beta carotene was tested.)

But also, it is important to understand that beta carotene is not the most important of the carotenoids. It's just the only one that is a recommended daily requirement. Once again, the FDA and the USDA are several decades behind the times.

For example, recent studies have shown that alpha carotene is one of the most powerful carotenoids and has a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of various types of cancer cells such as those affecting the lungs, stomach, cervix, breast, bladder and mouth. It works by allowing normal cells to send growth-regulating signals to premalignant cells.

Bottom line. You want a carotenoid complex, not pure synthetic beta carotene.

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Wheat Sprouts (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
In addition to bringing a wonderful sweet taste to any formula, wheat sprouts also bring enhanced antioxidants, enzymes, and coenzymes to the mix. In addition, they offer immune enhancement and detoxifying abilities and are an excellent source of vitamins C and E and protein.

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Wheatgrass (found in Accelerator, Private Reserve Superfood)
Wheatgrass has been called one of nature's finest medicines. It contains chlorophyll, enzymes, vitamins and nutrients that are essential for a healthy body. The benefits of wheatgrass are enormous. These include:

• Reduces high blood pressure
• Helps stop tooth decay
• Enhances hemoglobin production
• Helps fight against unfriendly bacteria growth
• Neutralizes toxins and carcinogens in the body
• Cleans drug deposits from the body
• Purifies the liver
• Improves blood sugar disorders
• Improves the body's capability to heal wounds
• Helps digestion process
• Aids in the prevention and curing of cancer
• Prevents hair from graying
• Removes heavy metals from the body
• Treats acne
• Helps eczema
• Soothes sore throats
• Improves strength & endurance
• Purifies the blood
• Rebuilds the bloodstream
• Enhances the action of the capillaries

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Wild Mountain Oregano (found in Super ViraGon)
Numerous studies have shown wild mountain oregano oil (not to be confused with the oregano found in your kitchen) to be a potent antimicrobial. It has been proven useful as an antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal agent rivaling even pharmaceutical antibiotics such as streptomycin, penicillin, vancomycin, nystatin, and amphotericin in its ability to eliminate microbes. Remarkably it accomplishes this without promoting the development of drug resistant strains and other problems often attributed to the use of standard antibiotics. In addition to this already impressive list of abilities Oregano Oil is also a powerful parasitic expellant.

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Wild Oats (found in Men's Formula, Women's Formula)
Both men and women need and produce testosterone in their bodies -- although in differing amounts. It is testosterone, in both men and women, that is responsible for:

• Pumping up energy levels
• Driving our desire to attack the day
• Firing the need to succeed
• Bonding us with our mates
• Fueling our sexual desires
• Elevating our levels of sexual satisfaction
• Building muscle and burning off fat
• Facilitating better circulation

Unfortunately, once we reach our thirties, available testosterone levels for both men and women tend to begin diminishing with age. Interestingly enough, in a 1986 clinical study, it was documented that it's not actual testosterone production that decreases as we age; but rather, it's the amount of free circulating testosterone that decreases -- as more and more of it gets bound to albumin and becomes unavailable for the body's use. These changes happen in connection with a natural substance called "sex-hormone-binding-globulin" or "SHBG."

Fortunately, wild oats can reverse this process, increasing free testosterone levels an astounding 105% on average!!

In addition, SHBG binds not only testosterone, but all of the sex hormones including estradiol (one of the "active" estrogens found in both men and women). Normally, this binding serves as a storage system for excess hormones, but in men there is an additional problem.

SHBG also has an affinity for prostate tissue. In effect, SHBG can serve to bind estrogen to cell membranes in the prostate. This causes an increase in PSA secretion -- a prime factor in future prostate problems, including cancer. Wild oats and nettles work together to reverse this binding process, thereby reducing the likelihood of prostate problems.

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Wild Yam (found in Women's Formula)
Many women today use wild yam to reduce the symptoms of PMS and alleviate discomforts associated with menopause. It is often taken to relieve menstrual or uterine cramps. Wild yam promotes the secretion of bile and may help to alleviate liver ailments. The herb has anti-inflammatory properties that could make it useful against rheumatoid arthritis and other conditions. Wild yam may also help to prevent or treat dysmenorrhea and indigestion.

Scientists in Texas studied fifty patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia and/or chronic fatigue syndrome who had received some form of medical treatment without experiencing enduring success. Subjects who consumed nutritional supplements including a dioscorea complex experienced, according to the researchers, "a remarkable reduction in initial symptom severity, with continued improvement in the period between initial assessment and the follow-up."

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Willow Charcoal (activated) (found in Colon Detoxifier)
Activated willow charcoal does essentially the same thing in your intestinal tract that a charcoal block does in your water filter. It attracts and traps thousands of times its own weight in gases, toxins, food additives and other chemicals. As a side note, it can absorb over 3,000 known drug residues.

Willow charcoal is preferred over charcoal from coconut shells.

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Wintergreen (found in Essential Relief)
Wintergreen is probably the most recognized scent in pain relief balms.

Wintergreen not only helps carry other herbal oils through the skin, it is also effective in relieving arthritis pain, joint stiffness, muscle spasms, and inflammation.

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Wormwood (found in Liver Tincture)
There are in fact over 3000 different parasites that have been loosely grouped into four different categories. According to the World Health Organization, 3.5 billion people suffer from some type of parasitic infection. Not all of these people live in third world countries; many in the developed world have any number of parasitic infections, some of which are so highly contagious that extremely casual contact with something that has been handled by an infected person can infect another person.

Wormwood has been used for centuries as a parasiticide internally and as a hemostatic externally. It was first used medically for colds, sore eyes, and as a hair tonic, to control menstrual flow and swelling wounds. Wormwood can counteract fevers, regulate the liver and treat anemia and arthritis. It is taken as a bitter tonic and given to eliminate intestinal worms -- from whence it gets its name.

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Yellow Dock Root (found in Blood Support)
Pokeroot and Yellow dock root are both powerful blood cleansers and lymph cleansers, inciting and increasing the action of lymph glands throughout the entire body. Not surprisingly, both herbs are staples of many traditional herbal anti-cancer formulas.

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Yellow Pea Protein (found in Private Reserve Superfood)
Pea protein is the perfect complement to rice protein for several reasons. First, it offers an improved amino acid profile. Like rice protein, it contains all nine essential amino acids, but is especially high in lysine, the amino acid that rice protein is most deficient in. The bottom line is that when used in combination, rice protein and yellow pea protein offer a Protein Efficiency Ratio that begins to rival dairy and egg - but without their potential to promote allergic reactions. In addition, the texture of pea protein helps smooth out the "chalkiness" of rice protein.

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Zeaxanthin (found in Ultimate Antioxidant)
Lutein and zeaxanthin are both part of a group of carotenoids known as xanthophylls, which are extremely beneficial to the eyes and help significantly in the prevention of macular degeneration.

Of the 40 to 50 carotenoids typically consumed in the human diet, lutein and zeaxanthin, are deposited at an up to 5 fold higher content in the macular region of the retina as compared to the peripheral retina. Zeaxanthin is preferentially accumulated in the foveal region, whereas lutein is abundant in the perifoveal region. These pigments are collectively referred to as the macular pigment.

Although the role of the macular pigment remains uncertain, several functions have been hypothesized and these include limitation of the damaging photo-oxidative effects of blue light through its absorption, reduction of the effects of light scatter and chromatic aberration on visual performance, and protection against the adverse effects of photochemical reactions because of the antioxidant properties of the carotenoids.

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